Impact of Previous Tunneled Vascular Catheters and their Location on Upper Limb Arteriovenous Fistula Function.

Background: Long-term arteriovenous fistula (AVF) survival has been shown to be adversely affected by the presence of previous tunneled vascular catheters (TVC). We analyzed the effect of previous TVCs and their location (ipsilateral versus contralateral) on the successful function of upper-limb AVFs in the first 12 months after creation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data on patients' first upper-limb AVFs, created between January 2013 and December 2017. We analyzed the rates of successful AVF function (successful cannulation using two needles for ≥50% sessions over a 2-week period) at 6 and 12 months after creation, time to AVF maturation, and rates of assisted maturation.

Results: In total, 287 patients with first AVFs were identified, of which 142 patients had a previous TVC (102 contralateral, 40 ipsilateral) and 145 had no previous TVC. The no TVC group had higher rates of AVF function at both 6 months (69% versus 54%, OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.00 to 3.39, =0.05) and 12 months (84% versus 64%, OR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.53 to 6.26, =0.002) compared with the TVC group. The contralateral TVC group had higher rates of AVF function at 6 months (60% versus 40%, OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.01 to 4.88, =0.05), but not at 12 months (66% versus 58%, OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.62 to 3.25, =0.40) compared with the ipsilateral TVC group. The median time to AVF maturation in the contralateral and ipsilateral TVC groups were 121.5 and 146 days respectively (=0.07). Assisted maturation rates were lower in no TVC group compared with the TVC group (12% versus 28%, =0.007), but similar between the contralateral and ipsilateral TVC groups (29% versus 26%, =0.74).

Conclusions: Previous TVC use was associated with poorer AVF function at 6 and 12 months, with a higher rate of assisted maturation. The presence of an ipsilateral TVC was associated with lower successful AVF use at 6 months, compared with contralateral TVC.