AI Article Synopsis
- Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms are rare tumors that come in three main types: type 1 (linked to autoimmune gastritis), type 2 (associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and MEN1), and type 3 (sporadic).
- While small type 1 tumors can often be managed through endoscopy, larger or more aggressive tumors (types 2 and 3) require imaging for proper evaluation, showing hypervascular masses and potential metastasis on CT/MRI.
- For assessment and treatment planning, advanced imaging techniques like somatostatin receptor nuclear imaging and F-18-FDG-PET/CT are valuable, especially since tumor characteristics affect radiotracer uptake and overall prognosis.
Article Abstract
Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms are uncommon tumors with variable differentiation and malignant potential. Three main subtypes are recognized: type 1, related to autoimmune atrophic gastritis; type 2, associated with Zollinger-Ellison and MEN1 syndrome; and type 3, sporadic. Although endoscopy alone is often sufficient for diagnosis and management of small, indolent, multifocal type 1 tumors, imaging is essential for evaluation of larger, high-grade, and type 2 and 3 neoplasms. Hypervascular intraluminal gastric masses are typically seen on CT/MRI, with associated perigastric lymphadenopathy and liver metastases in advanced cases. Somatostatin receptor nuclear imaging (such as Ga-68-DOTATATE PET/CT) may also be used for staging and assessing candidacy for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Radiotracer uptake is more likely in well-differentiated, lower-grade tumors, and less likely in poorly differentiated tumors, for which F-18-FDG-PET/CT may have additional value. Understanding disease pathophysiology and evolving histologic classifications is particularly useful for radiologists, as these influence tumor behavior, preferred imaging, therapy options, and patient prognosis.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00261-022-03509-1 | DOI Listing |
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