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- The paper discusses the challenges of Generalized Space-Time-Frequency Index Modulation (GSTFIM) systems, particularly their sensitivity to carrier frequency offset (CFO), which is a common issue in traditional orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM).*
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- To address this, a new message passing (MP)-aided detector is proposed for GSTFIM, allowing for a customizable balance between performance and computational complexity.*
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- Through analysis and simulations, it is shown that this new MP detector can perform similarly to maximum likelihood (ML) detection in GSTFIM systems and offers improved efficiency compared to a minimum mean-square-error (MMSE)-based approach, especially in the presence of CFO.*
Generalized space-time-frequency index modulation (GSTFIM) inherits the drawbacks of the conventional orthogonal frequency-division multiplex (OFDM), such as being sensitive to carrier frequency offset (CFO). For a robust design against this problem, in this contribution, a novel construction of a message passing (MP)-aided detector is developed for GSTFIM systems to combat the influence of CFO, while offering a flexible tradeoff between transmission performance and computational complexity. Through complexity analysis and simulation results, we demonstrate that, in the context of CFO, with a careful design, the developed MP detector is capable of approaching traditional GSTFIM with maximum likelihood (ML) detection, and of offering better performance at lower complexity compared to its minimum mean-square-error (MMSE)-aided counterpart.
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