AI Article Synopsis

  • * Although diabetes generally raises cardiovascular risk, individuals with FH appear to have a lower likelihood of developing diabetes, with theories suggesting that LDL particles may damage insulin-producing pancreatic cells.
  • * The relationship between FH and diabetes is complex and not fully understood, as it can alter lipid profiles and cardiovascular risks, with existing research showing conflicting results and highlighting knowledge gaps.

Article Abstract

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disease characterized by high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-c) concentrations that increase cardiovascular risk and cause premature death. The most frequent cause of the disease is a mutation in the LDL receptor () gene. Diabetes is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. People with FH seem to be protected from developing diabetes, whereas cholesterol-lowering treatments such as statins are associated with an increased risk of the disease. One of the hypotheses to explain this is based on the toxicity of LDL particles on insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells, and their uptake by the latter, mediated by the LDLR. A healthy lifestyle and a relatively low body mass index in people with FH have also been proposed as explanations. Its association with superimposed diabetes modifies the phenotype of FH, both regarding the lipid profile and cardiovascular risk. However, findings regarding the association and interplay between these two diseases are conflicting. The present review summarizes the existing evidence and discusses knowledge gaps on the matter.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002616PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071503DOI Listing

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