Background: There are considerable advantages and opportunities for surgeons and trainee surgeons in conducting a period of research allied with basic scientists. Such clinicians are well placed to define relevant clinical questions, provide human material (tissue, biopsy and blood) and translate the techniques derived in experimental animals to human subjects.
Methods: This small review explores research conducted on the nervous system of the intestines, with an emphasis on the translation of findings from animal to human.
Results: This work shows that new techniques of immunohistochemistry and retrograde tracing, developed in animal tissue, have greatly expanded our knowledge of the structure of the human enteric nervous system.
Conclusions: Such findings have sparked therapeutic trials for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ans.17688 | DOI Listing |
Cell Mol Biol Lett
December 2024
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Background: Radiotherapy for pelvic malignant tumors inevitably causes intestinal tissue damage. The regeneration of intestinal epithelium after radiation injury relies mainly on crypt fission. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of crypt fission events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Dairy Sci
January 2025
Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
This article describes the regulatory and evidence requirements necessary for the authorization of antimethanogenic feed additives (AMFA) aimed at mitigating enteric methane (CH) emissions from ruminants. It outlines the legislation and legal procedures in Australia, Canada, the European Union, New Zealand, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States as illustrative examples, offering insights for applicants seeking authorization. Additionals objectives are to highlight consequential similarities and differences in regulations and evidence requirements and offer recommendations for scientists and applicants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterology
December 2024
Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Background And Aims: The enteric nervous system (ENS), comprised of neurons and glia, regulates intestinal motility. Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) results from defects in ENS formation, yet while neuronal aspects have been extensively studied, enteric glia remain disregarded. This study aimed to explore enteric glia diversity in health and disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol Methods
December 2024
Office of Applied Microbiology and Technology, Office of Laboratory Operations and Applied Science, Human Foods Program, Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
Human norovirus (HuNoV) and human astrovirus (HAstV) are viral enteric pathogens and known causative agents of acute gastroenteritis. Identifying the presence of these viruses in environmental samples such as irrigation water, or foods exposed to virus contaminated water (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain
December 2024
School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
Convergent data, across species, paint a compelling picture of the critical role of the gut and its resident microbiota in several brain functions and disorders. The chemicals mediating communication along these sophisticated highways of the brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axis include both microbiota metabolites and classical neurotransmitters. Amongst the latter, GABA is fundamental to brain function where it mediates the majority of neuronal inhibition.
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