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The Two Sides of Placebo Analgesia: Differential Functional Connectivity Reveals Mechanisms of Placebo Analgesic Response.
J Pain Res
January 2025
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Background: Previous research has demonstrated that placebo induction manipulations can reduce an individual's pain through non-specific mechanisms, such as expectancy manipulations. However, despite robust research characterizing these effects, individual differences in predicting placebo analgesic responses are not well understood.
Methods: Fifty-four healthy pain-free adults over 18 (M=22.
Opioidergic activation of the descending pain inhibitory system underlies placebo analgesia.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Laboratory for Biofunction Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
Placebo analgesia is caused by inactive treatment, implicating endogenous brain function involvement. However, the neurobiological basis remains unclear. In this study, we found that μ-opioid signals in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activate the descending pain inhibitory system to initiate placebo analgesia in neuropathic pain rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF'Which treatment do you believe you received?' A randomised blinding feasibility trial of spinal manual therapy.
Chiropr Man Therap
January 2025
Musculoskeletal Epidemiology Research Group, University of Zurich and Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Blinding is essential for mitigating biases in trials of low back pain (LBP). Our main objectives were to assess the feasibility of blinding: (1) participants randomly allocated to active or placebo spinal manual therapy (SMT), and (2) outcome assessors. We also explored blinding by levels of SMT lifetime experience and recent LBP, and factors contributing to beliefs about the assigned intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"Expectancy-Mood Neural Dynamics Predict Mechanisms of Short- and Long-Term Antidepressant Placebo Effects".
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh. Electronic address:
Objective: Acute experimental models of antidepressant placebo effects suggest that expectancies, encoded within the salience network (SN), are reinforced by sensory evidence and mood fluctuations. However, whether these dynamics extend to longer timescales remains unknown. To answer this question, we investigated how SN and default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity during the processing of antidepressant expectancies facilitates the shift from salience attribution to contextual cues in the SN to belief-induced mood responses in the DMN, both acutely and long-term.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Macro- and Microvascular Endothelial Function in Older Adults: A Pilot Study.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
A pilot study was conducted to investigate the effect of four weeks of creatine monohydrate (CrM) on vascular endothelial function in older adults. In a double-blind, randomized crossover trial, twelve sedentary, healthy older adults were allocated to either the CrM or placebo (PL) group for four weeks, at a dose of 4 × 5 g/day for 5 days, followed by 1 × 5 g/day for 23 days. Macrovascular function (flow-mediated dilation [FMD%], normalized FMD%, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity [baPWV], pulse wave analysis [PWA]), microvascular function (microvascular reperfusion rate [% StO/sec]), and biomarkers of vascular function (tetrahydrobiopterin [BH], malondialdehyde [MDA], oxidized low-density lipoprotein [oxLDL], glucose, lipids) were assessed pre- and post-supplementation with a four-week washout period.
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