Cardiovascular disease risk profile of Indian young adults with type 1 diabetes compared to general population - A sub-study from the Young Diabetes Registry (YDR), India.

Objective: We estimated the prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors among young adults with type 1 diabetes and compared them with the general population without diabetes.

Methods: Participants were young adults (aged 20 years and above) with type 1 diabetes, from the Delhi and Chennai sites of the ICMR -Young Diabetes Registry (YDR) and their age, gender and location matched controls, without diabetes from the CARRS (Cardio metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia) cohort. YDR and CARRS used similar standard methodologies to quantify the CVD risk factors. Linear and logistic regression models were used to compare the adjusted means and proportions of risk factors.

Results: Individuals with type 1 diabetes had lower levels of mean BMI (21.9 kg/m2 vs 24.3 kg/m2), waist circumference (76.8 cm vs 82.1 cm), favourable lipid profile (lower LDL and higher HDL), higher mean systolic blood pressure (122.1 mmHg vs 118.7 mmHg) and hypertension (29.2% vs 21.0%), compared to controls. The extent of clustering of two or more traditional CVD risk factors was higher among general population compared to people with type 1 diabetes.

Conclusion: We found that young adults with type 1 diabetes have relatively low prevalence and clustering of traditional CVD risk factors compared to general population.