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Role of environmental toxicants in the development of hypertensive and cardiovascular diseases. | LitMetric

Role of environmental toxicants in the development of hypertensive and cardiovascular diseases.

Toxicol Rep

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA.

Published: March 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • * Hypertension is a significant risk factor for developing diabetes, with those affected by hypertension being two-to-three times more likely to develop the condition compared to individuals with normal blood pressure.
  • * Environmental toxicants, including heavy metals, organic pollutants, and particulate matter, are believed to contribute to increased rates of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, although the specific mechanisms are not well understood, and there's a challenge in applying animal study findings to human cases.

Article Abstract

The incidence of hypertension with diabetes mellitus (DM) as a co-morbid condition is on the rise worldwide. In 2000, an estimated 972 million adults had hypertension, which is predicted to grow to 1.56 billion by 2025. Hypertension often leads to diabetes mellitus that strongly puts the patients at an increased risk of cardiovascular, kidney, and/or atherosclerotic diseases. Hypertension has been identified as a major risk factor for the development of diabetes; patients with hypertension are at two-to-three-fold higher risk of developing diabetes than patients with normal blood pressure (BP). Causes for the increase in hypertension and diabetes are not well understood, environmental factors (e.g., exposure to environmental toxicants like heavy metals, organic solvents, pesticides, alcohol, and urban lifestyle) have been postulated as one of the reasons contributing to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The mechanism of action(s) of these toxicants in developing hypertension and CVDs is not well defined. Research studies have linked hypertension with the chronic consumption of alcohol and exposure to metals like lead, mercury, and arsenic have also been linked to hypertension and CVD. Workers chronically exposed to styrene have a higher incidence of CVD. Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to particulate matter (PM) in diesel exhaust and urban air contributes to increased CVD and mortality. In this review, we have imparted the role of environmental toxicants such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, PM, alcohol, and some drugs in hypertension and CVD along with possible mechanisms and limitations in extrapolating animal data to humans.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8971584PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.019DOI Listing

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