Shock is a state in which the cardiovascular system fails to adequately deliver required substrates to maintain end-organ perfusion, tissue homeostasis, and cellular metabolism. Rapid recognition of shock and intervention is of utmost importance to reverse the shock state. This article reviews uncommon etiologies of shock classified in the following categories: distributive, hypovolemic, cardiogenic, and dissociative shock.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2021.11.009 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde do Oeste - Hospital Distrital de Caldas da Rainha, Caldas da Rainha, PRT.
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, primarily affecting the lungs and the lymphatic system. Its diagnosis is challenging, and in many cases, it requires histopathological confirmation through the identification of non-caseating granulomas. The presented case illustrates its diagnostic complexity and highlights a rare, delayed complication associated with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).
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December 2024
Neonatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, PRT.
Delayed subaponeurotic fluid collection (DSFC) is an uncommon condition that causes scalp swelling in infants, usually appearing within the first weeks to months of life. Although the precise etiology is unclear, DSFC is frequently associated with instrumental or traumatic deliveries. We report two cases of DSFC: a 12-week-old boy and a six-week-old girl, both presenting with progressive, fluctuant scalp swelling without any history of trauma.
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December 2024
Rheumatology, Canadian Specialist Hospital, Dubai, ARE.
Transient osteoporosis of the hip (TOH), also known as bone marrow edema (BME), is an uncommon condition of unknown etiology. While transient osteoporosis usually affects the hip, it could affect other joints as well. The most common presentation is pain and it has been linked to reduced bone mineral density.
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January 2025
Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
Myocardial bridging is a common coronary anomaly. Although it is considered to be a benign condition, it can rarely be complicated by myocardial infarction. Clinicians should be suspicious of myocardial bridging as an etiology of myocardial infarction when other more common etiologies have been excluded.
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January 2025
Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, PRT.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a complex and potentially life-threatening disease, representing the most common cause of acute neuromuscular paralysis worldwide. Its diagnosis is primarily based on clinical findings, often complemented by electrophysiological studies and laboratory investigations. Therefore, knowledge of the clinical signs and symptoms is essential to make a prompt diagnosis and allow timely initiation of therapeutic interventions.
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