Horizontal Gene Transfer of Fluoroquinolone Resistance-Conferring Genes From Commensal to : A Global Phylogenetic Analysis of 20,047 Isolates.

Antimicrobial resistance in is an important global health concern. The genetically related commensal act as a reservoir of resistance genes, and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has been shown to play an important role in the genesis of resistance to cephalosporins and macrolides in . In this study, we evaluated if there was evidence of HGT in the genes and responsible for fluoroquinolone resistance. Even though the role of and in quinolone resistance is unclear, the subunits and were included as zoliflodacin, a promising new drug to treat targets the subunit. We analyzed a collection of 20,047 isolates; 18,800 , 1,238 commensal spp., and nine . Comparative genomic analyses identified HGT events in genes, , , , and . Recombination events were predicted in and commensals. , , and were identified as likely progenitors of the HGT events in , , and , respectively.