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In vivo, in situ and ex vivo comparison of porcine skin for microprojection array penetration depth, delivery efficiency and elastic modulus assessment. | LitMetric

In vivo, in situ and ex vivo comparison of porcine skin for microprojection array penetration depth, delivery efficiency and elastic modulus assessment.

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater

Delivery of Drugs and Genes Group (D(2)G(2)), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Published: June 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study highlights the importance of skin-device interactions in the development of wearable technologies, specifically focusing on microneedle vaccine devices.
  • It investigates how mechanical properties of porcine skin change under different conditions (in vivo vs. ex vivo) and their impact on device performance, particularly in penetration depth and delivery efficiency.
  • Results showed that there were significant alterations in microneedle penetration depth and delivery efficiency post mortem, emphasizing the need for careful considerations when using cadaver skin for prototype evaluations.

Article Abstract

With the development of wearable technologies, the interfacial properties of skin and devices have become much more important. For research and development purposes, porcine skin is often used to evaluate device performance, but the differences between in vivo, in situ and ex vivo porcine skin mechanical properties can potentially misdirect investigators during the development of their technology. In this study, we investigated the significant changes to mechanical properties with and without perfusion (in vivo versus in vitro tissue). The device focus for this study was a skin-targeting Nanopatch vaccine microneedle device, employed to assess the variance to key skin engagement parameters - penetration depth and delivery efficiency - due to different tissue conditions. The patches were coated with fluorescent or C radiolabelled formulations for penetration depth and delivery efficiency quantification in vivo, and at time points up to 4 h post mortem. An immediate cessation of blood circulation saw mean microneedle penetration depth fell from ∼100 μm to ∼55 μm (∼45%). Stiffening of underlying tissues as a result of rigor mortis then augmented the penetration depths at the 4 h timepoint back to ∼100 μm, insignificantly different (p = 0.0595) when compared with in vivo. The highest delivery efficiency of formulation into the skin (dose measured in the skin excluding leftover dose on skin and patch surfaces) was also observed at this time point of ∼25%, up from ∼2% in vivo. Data obtained herein progresses medical device development, highlighting the need to consider the state and muscle tissues when evaluating prototypes on cadavers.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105187DOI Listing

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