AI Article Synopsis
- Penalties for driving offences may not effectively reduce crashes among offending drivers, as previous studies lacked consideration of important crash risk factors.
- A study conducted with young drivers in New South Wales analyzed data from 2003-2016, revealing that 37.8% had driving offences and 12% were involved in crashes.
- Results indicated that drivers with three or more offences had significantly higher crash rates, suggesting that addressing the root causes of both offences and crashes could enhance road safety.
Article Abstract
Background: Penalties are a key component to improve road user safety, but previous studies suggested that they might not be successful in reducing crashing in offending drivers. However, these studies were not able to consider important crash risk factors in the analysis that might confound the results. Using data from a large prospective cohort study of young drivers in New South Wales, Australia, we explored if novice drivers with driving offences have a higher rates of car crash and if these differences are explained by established crash risk factors.
Methods: We used data from a 2003/2004 Australian survey of young drivers, linked to police reported offence and crash data, hospital data and deaths data up to 2016. We used Poisson regression models adjusted for confounders to estimate the association between driving offences during 2003-2006 with car crash during 2007-2016.
Results: The study cohort comprised 20 781 young drivers of whom 7860 drivers (37.8%) had at least one driving offence and 2487 (12.0%) were involved in at least one crash. After adjusting for confounders in the regression model, drivers with three or more driving offences had 2.25 (95% CI 1.98 to 2.57), 2.87 (95% CI 1.60 to 5.17) and 3.28 (95% CI 2.28 to 4.72) times higher rates of any crash, crashes that resulted in hospital admission or death and single vehicle crashes compared with drivers with no driving offences.
Conclusion: Measures that successfully mitigate the underlying risk factors for both, crashes and offences, have the potential to improve road safety.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9510411 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2021-044482 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The challenges of being imperfect: how do judges and prosecutors deal with sentencing disparity.
Front Sociol
December 2024
Institute of Criminology at the Faculty of Law, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Legal decision-making aspires to be objective, a principle regarded as foundational to justice, public trust, and the legitimacy of legal outcomes. However, this ideal is often challenged by the reality of human judgment, which is influenced by subjective factors such as emotions, biases, and varying cognitive strategies. This paper investigates the psychological challenges faced by legal professionals in the context of sentencing, drawing on data from studies involving judges and prosecutors in Slovenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the perceived effectiveness and strictness of penalties for traffic offences: The influence of prior punishment experience and evaluation perspective (personal vs. general).
J Safety Res
September 2024
Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Cyprus, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania. Electronic address:
Introduction: Previous research has identified the perception of penalties as one of the most important deterrents to road traffic offenses. This study investigated whether the perceived effectiveness and the perceived strictness of penalties for different traffic offenses are associated with prior punishment experience and evaluation perspective (personal - if participants were being punished themselves, vs. general - for punishing all drivers).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of cocaine 24 h after administration before nasotracheal intubation.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
October 2024
Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- Cocaine can be used as a nasal spray to relieve congestion before nasotracheal intubation, but there are legal risks if it is detected in patients during driving after surgery.
- A study evaluated benzoylecgonine levels in saliva and cocaine levels in blood to see if they exceeded legal limits 1 and 24 hours post-surgery.
- Results showed that 13% of patients had detectable benzoylecgonine in saliva and 3% had detectable cocaine in blood 24 hours after administration, highlighting the need for patients to be cautioned against driving for at least a day post-surgery.
[Checking the fitness to drive of senior citizens under German law-pending corrective measures to ensure road safety].
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
August 2024
Landessektion Hamburg, Bund gegen Alkohol und Drogen im Straßenverkehr e. V. (BADS), Hansastraße 13, 20149, Hamburg, Deutschland.
German driving licence law takes a reactive approach to dealing with suitability deficiencies of senior citizens. If the driver is no longer fit to drive and nevertheless participates in traffic, an administrative offence has been committed. If this endangers or injures other people or causes significant damage to property, it may even be a criminal offence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrinker driver flyer diver.
Diving Hyperb Med
June 2024
Clinical Hyperbaric Facility, Hull and East Riding Hospital, Anlaby, UK.
Blood alcohol concentrations above defined levels are detrimental to cognitive performance. Empirical and published evidence suggest that nitrogen narcosis is analogous to alcohol intoxication with both impairing prefrontal cortex function. Nitrogen narcosis is also known to have been a factor in fatal accidents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!