AI Article Synopsis
- CAR T cells show promise as a treatment for secondary CNS involvement in systemic B-cell lymphoma, demonstrating significant antitumor effects.
- A study of 10 patients treated with CD19-directed CAR T cells revealed a 70% clinical response rate, with a notable 20% achieving long-lasting complete responses.
- While neurotoxic symptoms were observed, they were consistent with what has been reported for lymphoma patients without CNS involvement, suggesting that CAR T cells could be a viable and safe option for SCNSL treatment.
Article Abstract
Background And Objectives: Secondary CNS involvement in systemic B-cell lymphoma (SCNSL) is difficult to treat and displays dismal clinical outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells emerged as a powerful treatment for systemic lymphoma. We aimed to evaluate whether CAR T cells also represent a safe and effective therapy for SCNSL.
Methods: We retrospectively searched our institutional database for patients with SCNSL treated with CD19-directed CAR T cells.
Results: We identified 10 cases, including 7 patients with intraparenchymal lesions and 3 patients with leptomeningeal disease. CNS staging at 1 month after CAR T-cell transfusion showed disease response (stable disease, partial response, and complete response) in 7 patients (70%), including 2 cases of long-lasting complete response (20%). One patient developed pseudoprogression, which resolved under steroids. Response of CNS disease was associated with systemic 1-month response. With a median follow-up of 6 months, median overall and systemic progression-free survival was 7 and 3 months, respectively. Neurotoxic symptoms occurred in 6 patients, with 3 patients developing severe neurotoxicity (American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy grade ≥3).
Discussion: CAR T cells induce considerable antitumor effects in SCNSL, and CNS response reflects systemic response. Neurotoxicity appears similar to previous reports on patients with lymphoma without CNS involvement. CAR T cells may therefore represent an effective and safe therapy for SCNSL.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169944 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000200608 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Therapies against hematological malignancies using chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)-T cells have shown great potential; however, therapeutic success in solid tumors has been constrained due to limited tumor trafficking and infiltration, as well as the scarcity of cancer-specific solid tumor antigens. Therefore, the enrichment of tumor-antigen specific CAR-T cells in the desired region is critical for improving therapy efficacy and reducing systemic on-target/off-tumor side effects. Here, we functionalized human CAR-T cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), making them magnetically controllable for site-directed targeting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting BCMA and GPRC5D in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Background: Clinical studies have demonstrated the high efficacy of using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and orphan G protein-coupled receptor, class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) to treat relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of BCMA CAR-T-cell therapy (BCMA CAR-T) and GPRC5D CAR T-cell therapy (GPRC5D CAR-T) in patients with RRMM.
Methods: We retrieved and included eligible clinical trials of BCMA or GPRC5D CAR-T for RRMM patients.
The innate defenders: a review of natural killer cell immunotherapies in cancer.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Cancer is a condition that has been with us for centuries; however, the therapies that have been developed are often associated with significant toxicity and various side effects. Recent advances in immunology have revealed the potential of the immune system to fight cancer, leading to the emergence of immunotherapy. This review focuses on Natural Killer (NK) cells, innate immune effectors with a remarkable ability to directly kill cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSMAD4 Regulates the Expression of LCK Affecting Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cells Proliferation Through PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.
J Cell Physiol
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
The proliferation of CAR-T cells was hindered and cannot play its killing function well in solid tumors. And yet the regulatory mechanism of CAR-T cell proliferation is not fully understood. Here, we showed that recombinant expression of CD19CAR in T cells significantly increased the basal activation level of CAR-T cells and LCK activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancement of anti-sarcoma immunity by NK cells engineered with mRNA for expression of a EphA2-targeted CAR.
Clin Transl Med
January 2025
Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
Background: Paediatric sarcomas, including rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma, represent a group of malignancies that significantly contribute to cancer-related morbidity and mortality in children and young adults. These cancers share common challenges, including high rates of metastasis, recurrence or treatment resistance, leading to a 5-year survival rate of approximately 20% for patients with advanced disease stages. Despite the critical need, therapeutic advancements have been limited over the past three decades.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!