Individuals to Systems: Methodological and Conceptual Considerations for Addressing Mental Illness Stigma Holistically.

Mental illness stigma is a complex public health issue that creates barriers for clients needing access to quality mental health services. Most research focuses on interpersonal stigma with emerging research examining intrapersonal and structural stigma in the healthcare setting. This commentary focuses on how to address the gaps in the existing research to elicit greater organizational/structural change in healthcare systems and positive health outcomes. It describes key components of a 5-year multiphase study that aims to explore and address multiple levels of stigma holistically among stakeholders including physicians, nurses, protective services staff, and patients/families in an emergency department setting. Unique to this study is the inclusion of a patient research partner who will be positioned as a co-designer throughout the project. The goal of this study will be to explore, address, understand, and evaluate interventions that mitigate stigma in healthcare at both the individual and structural/organizational levels.