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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_2233_19 | DOI Listing |
Childs Nerv Syst
January 2025
The Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
Background: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours (ATRTs) are malignant central nervous system tumours, typically presenting in the posterior fossa of very young children. Prognosis remains poor despite current therapy, while tumorigenesis implicates both genomic and epigenetic dysregulation. Primary diffuse leptomeningeal (PDL) ATRT, characterised by the absence of an intraparenchymal mass lesion, is seldom reported but appears associated with a dismal outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
March 2025
Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Radiology 4802 10th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219, USA.
Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis is a form of advanced metastatic disease conferring poor prognosis, most commonly associated with melanoma, small cell lung cancer, and breast cancer. In rare cases it has been shown to be associated with stroke thought to be related to vasculopathy caused by tumoral infiltration of cerebral vasculature. We present a case of acute cerebellar infarction in a patient with metastatic breast cancer complicated by leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, admitted for worsening metastatic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
CNS lymphoma is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily affects the brain, spinal cord, leptomeninges, or eyes, leading to severe neurological or ophthalmological complications. This case report details a 44-year-old male with human immunodeficiency virus and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who experienced permanent vision loss due to optic perineuritis, a rare presenting symptom indicative of underlying CNS involvement. Despite previous remission, imaging revealed focal enhancements suggesting CNS lymphoma, highlighting diagnostic and management challenges in relapsed lymphoma, especially in immunocompromised patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurooncol
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China.
Purpose: This study aimed to describe the incidence, clinical and pathological features, and outcomes of H3 K27M- mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) patients with leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) and systematically investigate the predictive and prognostic factors to clarify the response to treatment after the onset of LMD.
Methods: A total of 304 patients diagnosed with DMG from October 17, 2017, to October 17, 2023, were enrolled in this study, of which 32 patients were diagnosed with LMD. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the predictors of LMD, including clinical, molecular, and imaging data.
Cureus
December 2024
Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia Outpatient Clinic, Júlio de Matos Hospital, São José Local Health Unit, Clinical Academic Center of Lisbon, Lisbon, PRT.
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a diffuse, large B-cell lymphoma affecting the brain, spinal cord, leptomeninges, or eyes. A patient with a recurrence of a previous PCNSL manifesting as an isolated vitreoretinal disease without central nervous system (CNS) involvement and a second cerebral recurrence without vitreoretinal involvement has not yet been reported. The patient is an 86-year-old man with PCNSL of the left cerebellum diagnosed at the age of 82 years and treated with suboccipital trepanation and resection of the lesion followed by chemotherapy.
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