Yu, Todd, and Petrov (2021) and Yu, Petrov, and Todd (2021) investigated failures of shape constancy that occur when objects are viewed stereoscopically at different distances. Although this result has been reported previously with simple objects such as pyramids or cylinders, we examined more complex objects with bilateral symmetry to test the claim by Li, Sawada, Shi, Kwon, and Pizlo (2011) that the perception of those objects is veridical. Sawada and Pizlo (2022) offer several criticisms of our experiments, but they seem to suggest that the concept of shape is defined by what is computable by their model. If stimuli are used that cannot be discriminated by their model, they are dismissed as degenerate, and tasks that cannot be performed by their model are assumed to be based on something other than shape. This allows them to disregard empirical evidence that is inconsistent with their model. We argue, in contrast, that all reliable aspects of shape perception are deserving of explanation. We also argue that there are many different attributes of shape and many different sources of information about shape that may be relevant in different contexts. It is unlikely that all of them can be explained by a single model.
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Testing a formal theory of perception is not easy: Comments on Yu, Todd & Petrov (2021) and Yu, Petrov & Todd (2021).
J Vis
March 2022
Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California-Irvine Irvine, CA, USA.
Yu, Todd, and Petrov (2021, Journal of Vision) and their follow-up study (Yu, Petrov, & Todd, 2021, i-Perception) aimed at evaluating the role of three-dimensional (3D) symmetry in binocular shape perception by comparing their experimental data to predictions they derived from our computational models. We point out in this note that their predictions were incorrect, so their studies can neither reject nor support our models of 3D shape perception. We explain (1) the role of the data and the constraints in solving ill-posed inverse problems, (2) the role of binocular depth-order, as opposed to binocular depth-intervals in shape perception, (3) the nature and the effect of 3D compactness as an a priori constraint, and (4) the implications of the separation of binocular disparity and stereoacuity in the two functional streams in the visual cortex.
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