Dermal extracellular matrix molecules in skin development, homeostasis, wound regeneration and diseases.

Semin Cell Dev Biol

State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. Electronic address:

Published: August 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a special structure that supports and protects cells in our tissues and helps with important functions like cell movement and growth.
  • Dermal fibroblasts (dFBs) are the main cells making the ECM in our skin, and they change during development and healing, especially when we get hurt.
  • When dFBs don’t work properly, it can lead to skin problems, like slow healing wounds and keloids (which are thick, raised scars).

Article Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic structure that surrounds and anchors cellular components in tissues. In addition to functioning as a structural scaffold for cellular components, ECMs also regulate diverse biological functions, including cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, migration, cell-cell interactions, and intracellular signaling events. Dermal fibroblasts (dFBs), the major cellular source of skin ECM, develop from a common embryonic precursor to the highly heterogeneous subpopulations during development and adulthood. Upon injury, dFBs migrate into wound granulation tissue and transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts, which play a critical role in wound contraction and dermal ECM regeneration and deposition. In this review, we describe the plasticity of dFBs during development and wound healing and how various dFB-derived ECM molecules, including collagen, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, fibrillins and matricellular proteins are expressed and regulated, and in turn how these ECM molecules play a role in regulating the function of dFBs and immune cells. Finally, we describe how dysregulation of ECM matrix is associated the pathogenesis of wound healing related skin diseases, including chronic wounds and keloid.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.02.027DOI Listing

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