Frontal corticostriatal circuits (FCSC) are involved in self-regulation of cognition, emotion, and motor function. While these circuits are implicated in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the literature establishing FCSC associations with ADHD is inconsistent. This may be due to study variability in considerations of how fMRI motion regression was handled between groups, or study specific differences in age, sex, or the striatal subregions under investigation. Given the importance of these domains in ADHD it is crucial to consider the complex interactions of age, sex, striatal subregions and FCSC in ADHD presentation and diagnosis. In this large-scale study of 362 8-12 year-old children with ADHD (n = 165) and typically developing (TD; n = 197) children, we investigate associations between FCSC with ADHD diagnosis and symptoms, sex, and go/no-go (GNG) task performance. Results include: (1) increased striatal connectivity with age across striatal subregions with most of the frontal cortex, (2) increased frontal-limbic striatum connectivity among boys with ADHD only, mostly in default mode network (DMN) regions not associated with age, and (3) increased frontal-motor striatum connectivity to regions of the DMN were associated with greater parent-rated inattention problems, particularly among the ADHD group. Although diagnostic group differences were no longer significant when strictly controlling for head motion, with motion possibly reflecting the phenotypic variance of ADHD itself, the spatial distribution of all symptom, age, sex, and other ADHD group effects were nearly identical to the initial results. These results demonstrate differential associations of FCSC between striatal subregions with the DMN and FPN in relation to age, ADHD, sex, and inhibitory control.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8956922 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101101 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Statistical learning is the cognitive ability to rapidly identify structure and meaning in unfamiliar streams of sensory experience, even in the absence of feedback. Despite extensive studies, the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying this phenomenon still require further clarification under varying cognitive conditions. Here, we examined neural mechanisms during the first exposure to visually presented sequences in 47 healthy participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConnectivity-based striatal subregion microstructural changes in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: Relation to motor disability, cognitive deficits, and serum biomarkers.
Eur J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mitochondrial Medicine and Rare Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates microstructural damage in the striatum of ALS patients using multishell diffusion MRI, which hasn't been done before in living patients.
- It includes 79 ALS patients and 53 healthy controls, assessing their clinical condition, serum biomarkers, and brain connectivity through advanced imaging techniques.
- Findings reveal that ALS patients show significant microstructural changes in specific striatal subregions, which correlate with motor and cognitive impairments, indicating that these alterations may contribute to the progression of ALS symptoms.
Enhanced Hippocampal Spare Capacity in Q175DN Mice Despite Elevated mHTT Aggregation.
bioRxiv
October 2024
Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease resulting in devastating motor, cognitive, and psychiatric deficits. The striatum is a brain region that controls movement and some forms of cognition and is most significantly impacted in HD. However, despite well-documented deficits in learning and memory in HD, knowledge of the potential implication of other brain regions such as the hippocampus remains limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA mismatch between striatal cholinergic pauses and dopaminergic reward prediction errors.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2024
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158.
Article Synopsis
- Striatal acetylcholine and dopamine play critical roles in regulating movement, motivation, and how we learn about rewards.
- Researchers studied cholinergic interneuron (CIN) firing during decision-making in freely moving rats and found that CIN activity and dopamine release varied significantly across different striatal regions.
- In the dorsal-lateral striatum, CIN firing patterns were not linked to reward prediction errors (RPE), while in the ventral striatum, both CINs and dopamine increased in response to rewards, highlighting complex interactions within the striatum.
Dorsomedial striatal AMPA receptor antagonism increases alcohol binge drinking in selectively bred crossed high alcohol preferring mice.
Eur J Neurosci
November 2024
Indiana Alcohol Research Center and Department of Psychology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Crossed high alcohol preferring (cHAP) mice have been selectively bred to consume considerable amounts of alcohol resulting in binge drinking. The dorsomedial striatum (DMS) is a brain region involved in goal-directed action selection, and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) is a brain region involved in habitual action selection. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) may involve a disruption in the balance between the DMS and DLS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!