Surface modification by employing precious metals is one of the most effective ways to improve the gas-sensing performance of metal oxide semiconductors. Pure-FeOnanoparticles and Pt-modified-FeOnanoparticles were prepared sequentially using a rather simple hydrothermal synthesis and impregnation method. Compared with the original-FeOnanomaterials, the Pt--FeOnanocomposite sensor shows a higher response value (/ = 58.6) and a shorter response/recovery time (1 s/168 s) to 100 ppm dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) gas at 375 °C. In addition, it has better selectivity to DMDS gas with the value of more than 9 times higher than the other target gases at 375 °C. This study indicates that the Pt--FeOnanoparticle sensor has good prospects and can be used as a low-cost and effective DMDS gas sensor.
The oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the marine atmosphere represents an important natural source of non-sea-salt sulfate aerosol, but the chemical mechanisms underlying this process remain uncertain. While recent studies have focused on the role of the peroxy radical isomerization channel in DMS oxidation, this work revisits the impact of the other channels (OH addition and OH abstraction followed by bimolecular RO reaction) on aerosol formation from DMS. Due to the presence of common intermediate species, the oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) can shed light on these two DMS reaction channels; they are also both atmospherically relevant species in their own right.
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China.
Background: Maize stalk rot (MSR) caused by Fusarium graminearum is the primary factor contributing to the reduction in maize yield and quality. However, this soil-borne disease presents a significant challenge for sustainable control through field management and chemical agents. The screening of novel biocontrol agents can aid in developing innovative and successful strategies for MSR control.
Mechanisms of carrion insect succession have been interpreted separately from interspecific interactions between early and later colonists or from changes in volatile organic compounds perceived by insects resulting from the progression of decomposition. To link these perspectives, we examined through laboratory and field experiments whether the modification of volatile organic compounds by early colonists could be a mechanism of succession. In the laboratory experiment, we used (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) as an early colonist and examined its effects on the emissions of important volatile attractants for carrion insects, dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) from carcasses.
Yangtze River Delta Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Yiwu 322000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; Department of Environment Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Malodorous volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) are often the key odorants in determining sludge odor character and odor impact. However, the emission characterization and generation mechanisms of MVOCs from various dewatered sludge have not been sufficiently understood partly due to the diverse and complex composition and low concentration of odorants. In this study, waste activated sludge (WAS) was collected to examine the variation of MVOC emission from sludge after different dewatering treatment in lab-scale trials.
Rationale: Methyl ketones are of interest for the application as biofuels. The fatty acid metabolism of different microbes has been rearranged to achieve a sustainable production of methyl ketones. The biofuel properties and possible further chemical modifications of these methyl ketones are influenced by their chain length, as well as their degree of saturation and the corresponding double bond position.
