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Child Abuse and the COVID-19 Pandemic. | LitMetric

Child Abuse and the COVID-19 Pandemic.

J Surg Res

Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California.

Published: August 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rates of child abuse, neglect, and inadequate supervision in young children admitted to a pediatric trauma center.
  • During the COVID-era, 13.5% of trauma patients aged 5 and under experienced abuse or neglect, which is not significantly higher compared to 8.3% pre-COVID.
  • Although the rates of abuse did not differ significantly, there was a notable decrease in discharges to primary caregivers during COVID, indicating possible resource limitations affecting child safety.

Article Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has widespread effects, including enhanced psychosocial stressors and stay-at-home orders which may be associated with higher rates of child abuse. We aimed to evaluate rates of child abuse, neglect, and inadequate supervision during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Patients ≤5 y old admitted to a level one pediatric trauma center between 3/19/20-9/19/20 (COVID-era) were compared to a pre-COVID cohort (3/19/19-9/19/19). The primary outcome was the rate of child abuse, neglect, or inadequate supervision, determined by Child Protection Team and Social Work consultations. Secondary outcomes included injury severity score (ISS), mortality, and discharge disposition.

Results: Of 163 total COVID-era pediatric trauma patients, 22 (13.5%) sustained child abuse/neglect, compared to 17 of 206 (8.3%) pre-COVID era patients (P = 0.13). The ISS was similar between cohorts (median 9 pre-COVID versus 5 COVID-era, P = 0.23). There was one mortality in the pre-COVID era and none during COVID (P = 0.45). The rate of discharge with someone other than the primary caregiver at time of injury was significantly higher pre-COVID (94.1% versus 59.1%, P = 0.02). In addition, foster family placement rate was twice as high pre-COVID (50.0% versus 22.7%, P = 0.10).

Conclusions: The rate of abuse/neglect among young pediatric trauma patients during COVID did not differ compared to pre-pandemic, but discharge to a new caregiver was significantly lower. While likely multifactorial, this data suggests that resources during COVID may have been limited and the clinical significance of this is concerning. Larger studies are warranted to further evaluate COVID-19's effect on this vulnerable population.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872844PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2022.02.039DOI Listing

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