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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Myopathy: The Double-Edged Sword of Cancer Immunotherapy.
Neurology
December 2024
From the Division of Neurology (G.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Muscle Disease Section (I.P.-F., A.L.M.), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda; Department of Neurology (I.P.-F., A.L.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Neurology (T.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of several malignancies, with improved survival. These monoclonal antibodies target immune checkpoints, including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (ipilimumab and tremelimumab), programmed death 1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, and dostarlimab), programmed death ligand 1 (atezolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab), and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (relatlimab), and effectively augment the immune response against tumor cells. Releasing the brakes on the immune system has consequences, however, in the form of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which may affect any organ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDurable response to pembrolizumab in hepatic metastasis from colonic carcinoma with Lynch syndrome: a case report.
Front Immunol
September 2024
Kidney Institute, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China.
Pembrolizumab and other immunotherapies have become central in treating metastatic colon cancer, particularly effective in patients with mismatch repair deficiencies. We report a case involving a man who initially underwent radical surgery for sigmoid colon cancer on April 27, 2011, followed by hepatic tumor resection on September 21, 2017. Post-surgery, he received eight cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with the CAPEOX regimen and was regularly monitored through CT and MRI scans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPembrolizumab-Induced Ketoacidosis: A Case Report.
Cureus
July 2024
Family and Community Medicine, USF AlbaSaúde, Sintra, PRT.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as pembrolizumab, have transformed immuno-oncology by demonstrating efficacy against various cancers, including small-cell lung carcinoma and HER2-positive gastric cancer. Despite their benefits, ICIs can provoke immune-related adverse events, with endocrinopathies being rare but carrying significant complications. We report a case of pembrolizumab-induced diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in an 87-year-old woman with advanced gastric carcinoma and no prior diabetes history.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study examined the effect of PD-L1 expression levels on overall survival (OS) in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with pembrolizumab.
- A total of 617 patients from multiple oncology centers were analyzed, categorized by PD-L1 expression levels (≥50%).
- The results indicated no significant difference in OS related to varying PD-L1 expression levels, suggesting that higher PD-L1 levels do not correlate with improved survival outcomes in these patients.
Immune-Mediated Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Enteritis, and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Presenting as Adverse Effects of Pembrolizumab Therapy.
Am J Ther
July 2024
Critical Care Medicine, Salem Pulmonary Associates and Salem Health and Hospitals, Salem, OR.
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