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Under-nutrition and its associated factors among adult second-line antiretroviral treatment users in Northern Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Public Health, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Background: Despite advancements in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment and care, undernutrition remains a significant concern, accelerating disease progression and risk of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related deaths. The nutritional status of second-line antiretroviral treatment (SLART) users in Ethiopia has not been thoroughly investigated. So, this study aimed to assess the nutritional status of HIV/AIDS patients who were on SLART and its associated factors in Northern Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydration and Biodistribution of Zwitterionic Dendrimers Conjugating a Sulfobetaine Monomer and Polymers.
Langmuir
January 2025
Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
Zwitterionic polymers exhibit strong hydration, high biocompatibility, and antifouling properties. Dendrimers are regularly branched polymers, which are used in the drug delivery system (DDS). In this study, we synthesized zwitterionic monomer- and polymer-conjugated dendrimers as a biocompatible nanoparticle to investigate the relation between the hydration property and biodistribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSublethal Urea Exposure in Nile Tilapia: Morphological, Behavioural, and Histological Alteration.
Chemosphere
January 2025
Department of Agriculture and Allied Science, CV Raman Global University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Electronic address:
The pace of research efforts has been extraordinarily accelerated across the globe to address the contamination issues caused by pesticides, and fertilizers, especially in the aquatic ecosystem. The sole aim of this study was to assess the effect of urea on Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this purpose, the fish fingerlings were exposed to increasing concentrations of urea such as 0, 1, 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn immunoregulatory and metabolism-improving injectable hydrogel for cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.
Regen Biomater
November 2024
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
The hypoxia microenvironment post-myocardial infarction (MI) critically disturbs cellular metabolism and inflammation response, leading to scarce bioenergy supplying, prolonged inflammatory phase and high risk of cardiac fibrosis during cardiac restoration. Herein, an injectable hydrogel is prepared by Schiff base reaction between fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP)-grafted carboxymethyl chitosan (CF) and oxidized dextran (OD), followed by loading fucoidan-coated baicalin (BA)-encapsulated zein nanoparticles (BFZ NPs), in which immunoregulatory and metabolism improving functions are integrally included. The grafted FBP serves to enhance glycolysis and provide more bioenergy for cardiomyocytes survival under hypoxia microenvironment, and elevating cellular antioxidant capacity pentose phosphate pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHidden domain boundary dynamics toward crystalline perfection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
A central paradigm of nonequilibrium physics concerns the dynamics of heterogeneity and disorder, impacting processes ranging from the behavior of glasses to the emergent functionality of active matter. Understanding these complex mesoscopic systems requires probing the microscopic trajectories associated with irreversible processes, the role of fluctuations and entropy growth, and the timescales on which nonequilibrium responses are ultimately maintained. Approaches that illuminate these processes in model systems may enable a more general understanding of other heterogeneous nonequilibrium phenomena, and potentially define ultimate speed and energy cost limits for information processing technologies.
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