Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are important globally. In 2017, Ireland declared a national public health emergency to address CPE in acute hospitals. A National Public Health Emergency Team and an expert advisory group (EAG) were established. The EAG has identified key learnings to inform future strategies. First, there is still an opportunity to prevent CPE becoming endemic. Second, damp environmental reservoirs in hospitals are inadequately controlled. Third, antibiotic stewardship remains important in control. Finally, there is no current requirement to extend screening to detect CPE outside of acute hospitals. These conclusions and their implications may also be relevant in other countries.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9006571 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268822000218 | DOI Listing |
JAMA
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Importance: T helper 2 (T2) cells and T helper 17 (T17) cells are CD4+ T cell subtypes involved in asthma. Characterizing asthma endotypes based on these cell types in diverse groups is important for developing effective therapies for youths with asthma.
Objective: To identify asthma endotypes in school-aged youths aged 6 to 20 years by examining the distribution and characteristics of transcriptomic profiles in nasal epithelium.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
January 2025
Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Background: Data on tuberculosis (TB) incidence and risk factors among children living with HIV (CLHIV) in the universal ART era are limited.
Methods: We analysed routinely-collected data on TB diagnoses for CLHIV age ≤5 years, born 2018-2022, in the Westen Cape, South Africa. We examined factors associated with TB diagnosis, with death and loss to follow-up as competing events.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, China.
Purpose: Because chickens have excellent light perception properties, this study focused on investigating whether monochromatic light can cause photodamage in chicken retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
Methods: Post-hatching day chickens were exposed to four different light-emitting diode light environments for five weeks, respectively, monochromatic blue light (480 nm), green light (560 nm), red light (660 nm), or white light (6000 K). The mechanisms through which monochromatic light influences the structure of the chicken retina were analyzed by detecting the morphological structure of the retina, gene and protein expression levels, and the ultrastructure of the optic nerve.
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