The German guidelines on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have been developed at highest level of evidence based on systematic literature review. In this paper, we are presenting the current recommendations on diagnostics including preoperative imaging and imaging for stage evaluation as well as histopathological classification. The role of tumor biopsy is further discussed. In addition, different prognostic scores and the status of biomarkers in RCC are critically evaluated.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9512865PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-03972-xDOI Listing

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