The combination of multiple treatments has recently been investigated for tumor treatment. In this study, molybdenum disulfide (MoS) with excellent photothermal conversion performance was used as the core, and manganese dioxide (MnO), which responds to the tumor microenvironment, was loaded on its surface by liquid deposition to form a mesoporous core-shell structure. Then, the chemotherapeutic drug Adriamycin (DOX) was loaded into the hole. To further enhance its water solubility and stability, the surface of MnO was modified with mPEG-NH to prepare the combined antitumor nanocomposite MoS@DOX/MnO-PEG (MDMP). The results showed that MDMP had a diameter of about 236 nm, its photothermal conversion efficiency was 33.7%, and the loading and release rates of DOX were 13 and 65%, respectively. During and studies, MDMP showed excellent antitumor activity. Under the combined treatment, the tumor cell viability rate was only 11.8%. This nanocomposite exhibits considerable potential for chemo-photothermal combined antitumor therapy.
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