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Advanced Imaging Techniques for Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Calcification in Animal Models.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis
December 2024
Department of Medicine, University of California, 650 Charles E Young Dr. S, Center for Health Sciences, Room A2-237, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
The detection and assessment of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular calcification can inform risk stratification and therapies to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this review, we provide an overview of current and emerging imaging techniques for assessing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular calcification in animal models. Traditional imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), offer non-invasive approaches of visualizing atherosclerotic calcification in vivo; integration of these techniques with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging adds molecular imaging capabilities, such as detection of metabolically active microcalcifications with F-sodium fluoride.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSegmentation of Low-Grade Brain Tumors Using Mutual Attention Multimodal MRI.
Sensors (Basel)
November 2024
Graduate School of Information Science, University of Hyogo, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
Early detection and precise characterization of brain tumors play a crucial role in improving patient outcomes and extending survival rates. Among neuroimaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for brain tumor diagnostics due to its ability to produce high-contrast images across a variety of sequences, each highlighting distinct tissue characteristics. This study focuses on enabling multimodal MRI sequences to advance the automatic segmentation of low-grade astrocytomas, a challenging task due to their diffuse and irregular growth patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpiral scanning and self-supervised image reconstruction enable ultra-sparse sampling multispectral photoacoustic tomography.
Photoacoustics
October 2024
School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Multispectral photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is an imaging modality that utilizes the photoacoustic effect to achieve non-invasive and high-contrast imaging of internal tissues but also molecular functional information derived from multi-spectral measurements. However, the hardware cost and computational demand of a multispectral PAT system consisting of up to thousands of detectors are huge. To address this challenge, we propose an ultra-sparse spiral sampling strategy for multispectral PAT, which we named U3S-PAT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing X-ray velocimetry to measure lung function and assess the efficacy of a pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophage therapy for cystic fibrosis.
Sci Rep
November 2024
School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
Phase contrast x-ray imaging (PCXI) provides high-contrast images of weakly-attenuating structures like the lungs. PCXI, when paired with 4D X-ray Velocimetry (XV), can measure regional lung function and non-invasively assess the efficacy of emerging therapeutics. Bacteriophage therapy is an emerging antimicrobial treatment option for lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF), particularly with increasing rates of multi-drug-resistant infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA mitochondria-targeted nitric oxide probe with large Stokes shift for real-time imaging and evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease in situ.
Anal Chim Acta
December 2024
Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked to abnormal nitric oxide production by the iNOS enzyme, making accurate diagnosis crucial for monitoring the condition.
- A new fluorescent probe, Cy-OMe, was developed to target mitochondria, providing a "turn-on" signal for nitric oxide detection, greatly improving imaging and sensitivity.
- Cy-OMe shows promise for non-invasive diagnosis of intestinal inflammation by accurately measuring nitric oxide levels in real-time within affected areas.
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