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How to develop nature-based solutions for revegetation on abandoned farmland in the Loess Plateau of China?
J Environ Manage
December 2024
CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Adequate revegetation of abandoned farmland acts as a defence against desertification and soil loss, and can help remove carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, thereby playing an important role in regulating regional climate change. Legume, a nitrogen-fixation species, which could effectively improve vegetation coverage to control soil erosion, was widely used for revegetation. However, the dynamics of soil and plant development after legume introduction on abandoned farmland remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe costs and benefits of a dynamic host microbiome.
Trends Ecol Evol
December 2024
Department of Ornithology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard Gwinner Straße, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany.
All species host a rich community of microbes. This microbiome is dynamic, and displays seasonal, daily, and even hourly changes, but also needs to be resilient to fulfill important roles for the host. In evolutionary ecology, the focus of microbiome dynamism has been on how it can facilitate host adaptation to novel environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigation of γ-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-Modified Halloysite Nanotubes on the Reinforcement of Halloysite/Polypropylene (PP) Nanocomposites.
Polymers (Basel)
November 2024
Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Halloysite was successfully grafted with silane APTES using both wet and dry modification methods. Among them, wet modification using aqueous solution possessed the highest modification efficiency and grafting ratio. Morphological observations demonstrated that APTES grafting on halloysite improved both the filler dispersion and interfacial compatibility in polymer composites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing cover crop practices as a sustainable solution for global agroecosystem services.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
The practice of cover crops has gained popularity as a strategy to improve agricultural sustainability, but its full potential is often limited by environmental trade-offs. Using meta-analytic and data-driven quantifications of 2302 observations, we optimized cover crop practices and evaluated their benefits for global agroecosystems. Cover crops have historically boosted crop yields, soil carbon storage, and stability, but also stimulated greenhouse gas emissions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo-step computational redesign of Bacillus subtilis cellulase and β-glucanase for enhanced thermostability and activity.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
AIM center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address:
The growing demand for biocatalysts in biomass processing highlights the necessity of enhancing the thermostability of glycoside hydrolases. However, improving both thermostability and activity is often hindered by trade-offs between backbone rigidity and the flexibility of substrate-binding regions. In this study, Bacillus subtilis cellulase and β-glucanase were engineered using a two-step process incorporating the computational tools Pythia and ESM-2, which were found complementary in improving stability and activity.
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