Young sex chromosomes possess unique and ongoing dynamics that allow us to understand processes that have an impact on their evolution and divergence. The genus includes species with evolutionarily young sex chromosomes, and two species of section , namely (24, XY) and (24, XY), are well-established models of sex chromosome evolution, Y chromosome degeneration, and sex determination. In both species, the X and Y chromosomes are strongly heteromorphic and differ in the genomic composition compared to the autosomes. It is generally accepted that for proper cell division, the longest chromosomal arm must not exceed half of the average length of the spindle axis at telophase. Yet, it is not clear what are the dynamics between males and females during mitosis and how the cell compensates for the presence of the large Y chromosome in one sex. Using hydroxyurea cell synchronization and 2D/3D microscopy, we determined the position of the sex chromosomes during the mitotic cell cycle and determined the upper limit for the expansion of sex chromosome non-recombining region. Using 3D specimen preparations, we found that the velocity of the large chromosomes is compensated by the distant positioning from the central interpolar axis, confirming previous mathematical modulations.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910698 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052422 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
From cytogenetics to cytogenomics: a new era in the diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in domestic animals.
J Appl Genet
January 2025
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Identification of chromosomal abnormalities is an important issue in animal breeding and veterinary medicine. Routine cytogenetic diagnosis of domestic animals began in the 1960s with the aim of identifying carriers of centric fusion between chromosome 1 and 29 in cattle. In the 1970s, chromosome banding techniques were introduced, and in the 1980s, the first cytogenomic techniques, based on the development of locus- and chromosome-specific probes, were used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Deficiency of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (HSD17B3) is a rare variant of 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD).
Aim: To give clinical, hormonal and molecular genetic characteristics of cases of 46,XY DSD associated with variants in the HSD17B3 gene.
Materials And Methods: The study included 310 patients with 46,XY DSD for the period from 2015 to 2019.
Chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of the gynogenetic large-scale loach (Paramisgurnus dabryanus).
Sci Data
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
The large-scale loach (Paramisgurnus dabryanus; Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) is primarily distributed in East Asia. It is an important economic fish species characterized by fast growth, temperature-dependent sex determination and the ability to breathe air. Currently, molecular mechanism studies related to some aspects such as sex determination, toxicology, feed nutrition, growth and genetic evolution have been conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel Large Duplication on the X Chromosome as a Cause of Familial Generalized Dystonia: A Case Report.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
Chromosomal aberrations are rare but known causes of movement disorders, presenting with broad phenotypes in which dystonia may be predominant. During the investigation of such cases, chromosomal studies are not often considered as a first approach. In this article, the authors describe a family affected by a generalized form of dystonia, evolving from a focal phenotype, for which a new X chromosome large duplication was found to be the likely causative, therefore highlighting the role of such studies when facing complex movement disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Biology (Basel)
January 2025
Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Medical School, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by profound differences between females and males in terms of incidence, clinical presentation, and disease progression. Furthermore, there is evidence suggesting that differences in sensitivity to medical treatments may exist between the two sexes. Although the role of sex hormones and sex chromosomes in driving differential susceptibility to these diseases is well-established, the molecular alterations underlying these differences remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!