Groupers are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide, are key species to coastal ecosystems, and valuable fishery targets. To facilitate artificial seed production technology for grouper aquaculture, the mechanisms of reproduction and gonad development are being elucidated for these important species. In addition, since groupers are sexually dimorphic fish with female-first maturity (protogynous hermaphrodite fish), research is being conducted to clarify the ecological mechanism of sex change and their reproductive physiology, focusing on the endocrine system. In recent years, research on groupers has also been conducted to understand changes in the coastal environment caused by ocean warming and man-made chemicals. However, due to difficulties associated with conducting research using wild populations for breeding experiments, knowledge of the physiology and ecology of these fish is lacking, especially their reproductive physiology. In this review, we present information on the reproductive physiology and endocrinology of groupers obtained to date, together with the characteristics of their life history.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050825 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Background: Women's reproductive experiences may enact reorganization of physiological systems with lifelong health consequences. We test the hypothesis that women's history of breastfeeding will be positively associated with neurocognitive benefits in post-menopausal women. This hypothesis is justified by breastfeeding's well-established benefits for mothers' glucose homeostasis, beta-cell function, adipose tissue mobilization, and lipid metabolism, which would plausibly be beneficial for later-life brain health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA, USA.
Background: Environmental factors are increasingly being recognized as significant contributors to Alzheimer's and Related Dementias (ADRD). Previously, we reported that higher serum concentrations of DDE, the highly persistent metabolite of the pesticide DDT was associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. We further demonstrated in cell and animal models that DDT and DDE increase amyloid pathology in the brain (Fig.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
Background: CSF t-tau is considered a marker of neuronal injury in AD and strongly correlates with cognitive impairment. Evidence suggests that women accumulate more tau pathology early in AD than men. However, how pregnancy influences this relationship is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Extracell Vesicles
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and offspring health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
As functional derivatives of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have garnered significant attention and application in regenerative medicine. However, the technical limitations for large-scale isolation of sEVs and their heterogeneous nature have added complexity to their applications. It remains unclear if the heterogeneous sEVs represent different aspects of MSCs functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Background: Adult neural stem cells are fundamental in allowing the brain to retain memory via hippocampal neurogenesis. In Alzheimer's disease, patients have impaired neurogenesis, which may contribute to memory impairments. We have discovered a new player in the brain's ability to retain memory: the protein LRP1 (low density lipoprotein receptor related protein).
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