Co-encapsulation of metformin and ginger into the liposomes: characterization and anti-psoriasis evaluation.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune inflammatory skin disorder consists of hyperkeratosis, abnormal keratinization, acanthosis, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the dermis. Topical pharmacotherapy with conventional molecules and formulations is associated with toxicity, low efficacy, and poor skin penetration. Lipid-based nanoparticles can be introduced as a new strategy for improving the efficacy of psoriasis treatment by increasing drug localization. Metformin-loaded liposomes were prepared by thin-layer hydration technique and characterized for particle size, entrapment efficiency, and release profiles. The optimized formulations including metformin and two concentrations of ginger were further evaluated in skin permeation and localization, and psoriasis treatment in an imiquimod-induced psoriatic skin model. Optimized liposome has indicated its ability in localization of metformin at the skin may by improving the impaired psoriatic skin barrier. Co-administration of metformin and ginger loaded in liposome completely treated the psoriatic lesions after 21 days of treatment and significantly decreased IL-22 and TNF-α compared with untreated skin and skin treated by betamethasone as a positive control. In conclusion, metformin and ginger loaded in liposomes have shown perfect results in providing effective treatment of psoriasis.