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Background: Apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) with females having higher risk than males. Compared with non-carriers, cognitively normal, middle-aged APOE4 carriers have lower cerebral blood flow (CBF) decades before clinical symptoms appear. Early intervention to protect CBF would be critical for APOE4 carriers to mitigate AD progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) almost invariably develop Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but detecting early clinical changes is challenging due to comorbid intellectual disability, highlighting the importance of non-invasive biomarkers. Neuroimaging of the medial temporal lobe (MTL), a key site of tau pathology, shows promise as an early AD biomarker. Here, we aimed to characterise volumetric patterns of the MTL in DS across the AD clinical continuum, and define associations with AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: HCHWA-D mutation carriers experience highly heritable early onset of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Diffusion MRI appears to be sensitive to CAA and detects punctate cortical lesions in CAA cases post-mortem. DTI of white matter tracts was found to be sensitive to alterations in symptomatic HCHWA-D carriers but did not show alterations in presymptomatic carriers (Schouten et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping Topics.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland.
Background: When treatments against neurodegenerative diseases eventuate, the most successful time point to administer therapies will be the early stages, most likely before symptoms begin to show. Previous studies have found alpha-synuclein pathology (Lewy-related pathology; LRP) in asymptomatic individuals aged 62 years and above, with ranges from 8 to 17%.
Method: We performed immunohistochemical staining with the 5G4 antibody against alpha-synuclein on brain tissue samples from the Tampere Sudden Death Study - a collection of forensic autopsies on individuals that lived outside hospital institutions in Tampere and the surrounding regions, Finland.
Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
Background: Apolipoprotein e4 allele (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) with females having higher risk than males. Compared with non-carriers, cognitively normal, middle-aged APOE4 carriers have lower cerebral blood flow (CBF) decades before clinical symptoms appear. Early intervention to protect CBF would be critical for APOE4 carriers to mitigate AD progression.
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