The application of post-exercise cooling (e.g., cold water immersion) and post-exercise heating has become a popular intervention which is assumed to increase functional recovery and may improve chronic training adaptations. However, the effectiveness of such post-exercise temperature manipulations remains uncertain. The aim of this comprehensive review was to analyze the effects of post-exercise cooling and post-exercise heating on neuromuscular function (maximal strength and power), fatigue resistance, exercise performance, and training adaptations. We focused on three exercise types (resistance, endurance and sprint exercises) and included studies investigating (1) the early recovery phase, (2) the late recovery phase, and (3) repeated application of the treatment. We identified that the primary benefit of cooling was in the early recovery phase (< 1 h post-exercise) in improving fatigue resistance in hot ambient conditions following endurance exercise and possibly enhancing the recovery of maximal strength following resistance exercise. The primary negative impact of cooling was with chronic exposure which impaired strength adaptations and decreased fatigue resistance following resistance training intervention (12 weeks and 4-12 weeks, respectively). In the early recovery phase, cooling could also impair sprint performance following sprint exercise and could possibly reduce neuromuscular function immediately after endurance exercise. Generally, no benefits of acute cooling were observed during the 24-72-h recovery period following resistance and endurance exercises, while it could have some benefits on the recovery of neuromuscular function during the 24-48-h recovery period following sprint exercise. Most studies indicated that chronic cooling does not affect endurance training adaptations following 4-6 week training intervention. We identified limited data employing heating as a recovery intervention, but some indications suggest promise in its application to endurance and sprint exercise.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8901468 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40798-022-00428-9 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Head and neck cooling enhance exercise tolerance in individuals with multiple sclerosis.
Mult Scler Relat Disord
November 2024
FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Greece. Electronic address:
Background: Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) experience impairments in heat dissipation, compromising core temperature regulation during exercise.
Objective: To examine the efficacy of combined head-and-neck cooling as administered via a commercially available cooling cap and neck wrap in mitigating increases in core temperature during exercise.
Methods: On separate days, ten (7 females) adults (46.
Post-exercise hot or cold water immersion does not alter perception of effort or neuroendocrine responses during subsequent moderate-intensity exercise.
Exp Physiol
September 2024
Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
Post-exercise hot (HWI) and cold (CWI) water immersion are popular strategies used by athletes in a range of sporting contexts, such as enhancing recovery or adaptation. However, prolonged heating bouts increase neuroendocrine responses that are associated with perceptions of fatigue. Fourteen endurance-trained runners performed three trials consisting of two 45-min runs at 95% lactate threshold on a treadmill separated by 6 h of recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - This research examined how heat affects the upper body of firefighters and their protective gear after intense heat exposure, confirming a hypothesis that the head and helmet would be the hottest areas.
- - Twenty participants exercised for 21 minutes in a humid and hot environment while wearing firefighter gear, with various body parts and PPE analyzed for temperature.
- - Results showed the head, chest, and upper back were the hottest post-exercise, while the abdomen was the coolest, highlighting the need for better cooling strategies for firefighters.
Effects of two external cooling strategies on physiological and perceptual responses of athletes with tetraplegia during and after exercise in the heat.
J Therm Biol
July 2024
Centro de Estudos em Psicobiologia e Exercício of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (CEPE/UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address:
Athletes with tetraplegia may experience marked hyperthermia while exercising under environmental heat stress due to their limited ability to dissipate heat through evaporative means. This study investigated the effectiveness of two external cooling strategies (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPost-exercise management of exertional hyperthermia in dogs participating in dog sport (canicross) events in the UK.
J Therm Biol
April 2024
Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Exercise is a major cause of heat-related illness (HRI) in dogs, responsible for 74% of cases treated in the UK; there is limited research on effective cooling methods for affected dogs.
- The study monitored temperature changes in dogs after canicross events, evaluating various cooling practices and ambient conditions, finding that many dogs still increased in temperature shortly after exercise.
- Results suggest that cold-water immersion effectively cools hyperthermic dogs, emphasizing the importance of cooling dogs before transportation to prevent further temperature increases.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!