Background: Since the conception of robotic surgery, remote telesurgery has been a dream upon which incredible technological advances haven been built. Despite the considerable enthusiasm for, there have been few published studies of remote telesurgery on humans.
Methods: We performed a systematic review of the English literature (PubMed, EMbase, Inspec & Compendex and Web of Science) to report studies of remote telesurgery in humans. Keywords included telesurgery, remote surgery, long-distance surgery, and telerobotics. Subjects had to be human (live patients or cadavers). The operating surgeon had to be remote from the patient, separated by more than one kilometer. The article had to explicitly report the use of a long-distance telerobotic technique. Articles that focused on telepresence or tele-mentoring were excluded.
Results: The study included eight articles published from 2001 to 2020. One manuscript (1 subject) described remote surgery on a cadaver model, and the other seven were on live humans (72 subjects). Procedure types included percutaneous, endovascular, laparoscopic, and transoral. Communication methods varied, with the first report using a telephone line and the most recent studies using a 5G network. Six of the studies reported signal latency as a single value and it ranged from 28 ms to 280 ms.
Conclusions: Few studies have described remote telesurgery in humans, and there is considerable variability in robotic and communication methods. Future efforts should work to improve reporting of signal latency and follow careful research methodology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-022-09074-4 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Colorectal Surgery, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torbay, GBR.
Telemedicine in surgical care has undergone rapid advancements in recent years, leveraging technologies such as telerobotics, artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostics, and wearable devices to facilitate remote evaluation and monitoring of patients. These innovations have improved access to care, reduced costs, and enhanced patient satisfaction. However, significant challenges remain, including technical barriers, limited tactile feedback in telesurgery, and inequities arising from digital literacy and infrastructure gaps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Surg
November 2024
Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
The shortage of surgeons in rural hospitals is a serious problem in Japan. In this study, we investigated the potential contribution of surgical telementoring systems to improving surgical skills and resolving the shortage of surgeons in rural hospitals. The conference room at Tokushima University was connected to the operating room at Miyoshi Hospital, a rural hospital approximately 75 km away, via a virtual private network.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGan To Kagaku Ryoho
October 2024
Dept. of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University.
J Robot Surg
November 2024
AdventHealth Global Robotics Institute, Kissimmee, FL, USA.
This paper explores the role of 5G-and future 6G networks-in advancing robotic telesurgery by minimizing latency and enhancing data reliability for real-time remote operations. With robotic telesurgery gaining prominence as a tool to democratize access to specialized surgical care, telecommunications infrastructure has become central to its feasibility and safety. Key elements include 5G's capacity for ultra-low latency and high data transfer rates, which support critical modalities such as kinesthetic, audiovisual, and tactile feedback in telesurgery.
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