The term rebus is exemplified in Figure 1. "Two bee oar knot two bee" is an easy rebus to figure out, while others are much more challenging. A simple definition of this unique concepts is; Along with hidden image puzzle cards, some purchasers of Victorian Era advertising used rebus puzzle cards to challenge peoples' abilities. An example is this card for "The Great Household Remedy," Dr. Seth Arnold's Balsam (Figs. 2 and 3). The text on the reverse side of the card offered this patent medicine for treatment of "Diarrhoea, Dysentery, and for all Bowel Complaints." Additionally, "FOR CHILDREN TEETHING" it could give "the little sufferers REST, SLEEP, HEALTH" and saves lives. A testimonial by James F. Carlen even claimed that sick children treated with medicines, different from Seth Arnold's Balsam, died!
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Relationship Between Severity of Ischemia and Coronary Artery Disease for Different Stress Test Modalities in the ISCHEMIA Trial.
Circ Cardiovasc Interv
December 2024
Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (H.R.R., L.P., S.B., J.S.H.).
Background: The relationship between the extent and severity of stress-induced ischemia and the extent and severity of anatomic coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with obstructive CAD is multifactorial and includes the intensity of stress achieved, type of testing used, presence and extent of prior infarction, collateral blood flow, plaque characteristics, microvascular disease, coronary vasomotor tone, and genetic factors. Among chronic coronary disease participants with site-determined moderate or severe ischemia, we investigated associations between ischemia severity on stress testing and the extent of CAD on coronary computed tomography angiography.
Methods: Clinically indicated stress testing included nuclear imaging, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, or nonimaging exercise tolerance test.
Author Correction: Early-childhood linear growth faltering in low- and middle-income countries.
Nature
December 2024
Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
This special issue considers the significance of film to the establishment and development of scientific approaches to the mind. Bonnie Evans explores how the origins of film technologies in 1895 in France encouraged a series of innovative collaborations, influencing both psychological theorisation, and new filming techniques. Jeremy Blatter explains how Harvard psychologist Hugo Münsterberg created early films specifically designed to engage audiences using psychological tactics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFactors Associated With Coronary Angiography Performed Within 6 Months of Randomization to the Conservative Strategy in the ISCHEMIA Trial.
Circ Cardiovasc Interv
June 2024
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, CA (D.J.M.).
Background: ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches) did not find an overall reduction in cardiovascular events with an initial invasive versus conservative management strategy in chronic coronary disease; however, there were conservative strategy participants who underwent invasive coronary angiography early postrandomization (within 6 months). Identifying factors associated with angiography in conservative strategy participants will inform clinical decision-making in patients with chronic coronary disease.
Methods: Factors independently associated with angiography performed within 6 months of randomization were identified using Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazard models, including demographics, region of randomization, medical history, risk factor control, symptoms, ischemia severity, coronary anatomy based on protocol-mandated coronary computed tomography angiography, and medication use.
Article Synopsis
- * In the ISCHEMIA trial, women had similar catheterization rates but significantly lower revascularization rates than men (73.4% vs. 81.2%, respectively).
- * Despite these differences, there were no significant disparities in primary outcomes like cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction between women and men, indicating that both sexes responded similarly to treatment.
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