AI Article Synopsis
- Energy drinks (EDs) are popular for enhancing physical and mental performance, containing ingredients like caffeine, taurine, and citric acid, and varied in composition across the Polish market.
- The study utilized advanced methods like H NMR spectroscopy and HPLC-DAD to analyze the contents, revealing citric acid levels between 140-780 mg, niacinamide levels higher than label claims, and caffeine levels somewhat lower than indicated.
- Findings indicate that H NMR spectroscopy is an effective and quick method for assessing the quality and content of energy drinks, even in those labeled as "sugar-free."
Article Abstract
Energy drinks (EDs) are widely consumed to stimulate psychomotor functions and improve the efficiency of the human body. They typically contain caffeine, taurine, sugars or sweeteners, vitamins and organic acids. EDs were selected for the study in terms of composition diversity, reflecting the variety of products available on the Polish market. The analysis of the composition of energy drinks was performed using H NMR spectroscopy, HPLC-DAD, titration and refractometric methods. Diagnostic signals in H NMR spectra of the citric acid, caffeine and niacinamide were used for quantitative analysis. The citric acid content in energy drinks ranged from 140 to 780 mg per 100 mL. The niacinamide content in the tested energy drinks varied from 3.4 to 9.7 mg per 100 mL and was usually higher than it was reported on the label. The amount of caffeine (from 19 to 40 mg) was slightly lower than labeled. Quantitative determinations by H NMR and HPLC are compatible and can be successfully used interchangeably. In the so-called "sugar-free" drinks, no simple sugars or sucrose were found, thus H NMR can easily and quickly recognize ED without the addition of sugar. Our studies showed that H NMR spectroscopy is a valuable tool for quality control of energy drinks.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114682 | DOI Listing |
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