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Pharmacological treatment of pain, dyspnea, death rattle, fever, nausea, and vomiting in the last days of life in older people: A systematic review.
Palliat Med
December 2024
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Gerontology and Geriatrics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Background: Evidence based guidelines for treatment of physical symptoms during the last days of life in older people are not available.
Aim: We wanted to synthesize the existing evidence on the pharmacological treatment of pain, dyspnea, death rattle, fever, nausea, and vomiting during the last days of life in older people to develop recommendations that can help guide clinical practice.
Design: A systematic review was conducted (PROSPERO #CRD42023406100) and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.
Article Synopsis
- Alzheimer's disease leads to a decline in cognitive and behavioral functions, and the study examined the neuroprotective effects of amifostine, a drug with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in a mouse model of the disease.
- The experiment involved four groups of mice, with one group receiving scopolamine to induce cognitive impairment, while the other groups received either donepezil or amifostine to evaluate their protective effects.
- Results showed that amifostine improved cognitive performance and reduced signs of neurotoxicity, inflammation, and oxidative stress, suggesting it could help protect against Alzheimer's-related damage.
Efficacy of Low-Dose Scopolamine and Palonosetron in Reducing Immediate Post-Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Nausea and Vomiting: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study.
J Clin Pharmacol
September 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China.
This study aimed to assess the incidence of post-discharge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) following sedation with nalbuphine and etomidate and to evaluate the prophylactic effects of scopolamine in reducing PDNV. A two-stage prospective clinical trial was conducted. The first part involved an observational study of 77 subjects to assess the PDNV incidence post-sedation with nalbuphine, etomidate, and propofol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Famotidine is a competitive histamine H-receptor antagonist that reduces the formation of stomach acid and is used to treat gastrointestinal disorders associated with acid reflux, gastroesophageal reflux disease, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, and pathological hypersecretory disorders. This study is designed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effects of the ranolazine scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's disease-like feature in a mouse model.
Methods: Mice were divided equally into five groups (ten mice per group), including control group and induction group.
Depression and the Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle.
Curr Neuropharmacol
October 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Baycrest Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Many features of major depressive disorder are mirrored in rodent models of psychological stress. These models have been used to examine the relationship between the activation of the hypothalamic- pituitary axis in response to stress, the development of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, the dominance of cholinergic neurotransmission and the associated increase in REM sleep pressure. Rodent models have also provided valuable insights into the impairment of glycolysis and brain glucose utilization by the brain under stress, the resulting decrease in brain energy production and the reduction in glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycling.
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