Significant advancement in the field of nanotechnology has raised the possibility of applying potent engineered biocompatible nanomaterials within biological systems for theranostic purposes. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide/titania/TiO) has garnered considerable attention as one of the most extensively studied metal oxides in clinical applications. Owing to the unique properties of titania, such as photocatalytic activity, excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and low toxicity, titania nanomaterials have revolutionized therapeutic approaches. Additionally, titania provides an exceptional choice for developing innovative medical devices and the integration of functional moieties that can modulate the biological responses. Thus, the current review aims to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of TiO-based nanotherapeutics and the corresponding future challenges.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.13.15 | DOI Listing |
ACS Cent Sci
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States.
Added electrons and holes in semiconducting (nano)materials typically occupy "trap states," which often determine their photophysical properties and chemical reactivity. However, trap states are usually ill-defined, with few insights into their stoichiometry or structure. Our laboratory previously reported that aqueous colloidal TiO nanoparticles prepared from TiCl + HO have two classes of electron trap states, termed and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
Oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) poses significant treatment challenges due to its high recurrence rates and the limitations of current therapies. Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles are promising radiosensitizers, while bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are known for their immunomodulatory properties. This study investigates the potential of OMV-encapsulated TiO nanoparticles (TiO@OMV) to combine these effects for improved OSCC treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Biochemical Toxicity, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
The safety of titanium dioxide (TiO), widely used in foods and personal care products, has been of ongoing concern. Significant toxicity of TiO has been reported, suggesting a risk to human health. To evaluate its potential epigenotoxicity, the effect of exposure to a TiO product to which humans could be exposed on DNA methylation, a primary epigenetic mechanism, was investigated using two human cell lines (Caco-2 (colorectal) and HepG2 (liver)) relevant to human exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Energy generation and storage are critical challenges for developing economies due to rising populations and limited access to clean energy resources. Fossil fuels, commonly used for energy production, are costly and contribute to environmental pollution through greenhouse gas emissions. Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) offer a promising alternative due to their stability, low cost, and high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) compared to other third-generation solar cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Cell Fact
December 2024
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
This comprehensive review explores the emergence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) as versatile nanomaterials, particularly exploring their biogenic synthesis methods through different biological entities such as plants, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and algae. These biological entities provide eco-friendly, cost-effective, biocompatible, and rapid methods for TiO-NP synthesis to overcome the disadvantages of traditional approaches. TiO-NPs have distinctive properties, including high surface area, stability, UV protection, and photocatalytic activity, which enable diverse applications.
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