Objective: To examine whether the prevalence of age- and sex-adjusted BMI at, or above, the 85th, 95th and 99.7th percentiles continues to decline in New Zealand preschool children, over time.
Methods: As part of a national screening programme, 438,972 New Zealand 4-year-old children had their height and weight measured between 2011 and 2019. Age- and sex-adjusted BMI was calculated using WHO Growth Standards and the prevalence of children at, or above, the 85th, 95th, and 99.7th percentiles and at, or below, the 2nd percentile were determined. Log-binomial models were used to estimate linear time trends of ≥85th, ≥95th and ≥99.7th percentiles for the overall sample and separately by sex, deprivation, ethnicity and urban-rural classification.
Results: The percentage of children at, or above, the 85th, 95th and 99.7th percentile reduced by 4.9% [95% CI: 4.1%, 5.7%], 3.5% [95% CI: 2.9%, 4.1%], and 0.9% [95% CI: 0.7%, 1.2%], respectively, between '2011/12' and '2018/19'. There was evidence of a decreasing linear trend (risk reduction, per year) for the percentage of children ≥85th (risk ratio (RR): 0.980 [95% CI: 0.978, 0.982]), ≥95th (RR: 0.966 [95% CI: 0.962, 0.969]) and ≥99.7th (RR: 0.957 [95% CI: 0.950, 0.964]) percentiles. Downward trends were also evident across all socioeconomic indicators (sex, ethnicity, deprivation, and urban-rural classification), for each of the BMI thresholds. Larger absolute decreases were evident for children residing in the most deprived compared with the least deprived areas, at each BMI threshold. There appeared to be no consistent trend for the percentage of children ≤2nd percentile.
Conclusions: Reassuringly, continued declines of children with age- and sex-adjusted BMI at, or above, the 85th, 95th and 99.7th percentiles are occurring over time, overall and across all sociodemographic indicators, with little evidence for consistent trends in the prevalence of children at, or below, the 2nd percentile.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9151386 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-022-01095-2 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Cross-Sectional Analysis of IL-6, TNF-α, Adiponectin, Leptin, and Klotho Serum Levels in Relation to BMI Among Overweight and Obese Children Aged 10-14 in La Rioja, Spain.
Children (Basel)
January 2025
Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain.
Background: Childhood obesity is a major public health concern, being linked to an increased risk of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. Even in childhood, obesity is associated with systemic low-grade inflammation, which is a critical factor in the development of atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Objectives: To describe the prevalence of obesity and examine the relationship between IL-6, TNF-α, adiponectin, leptin, the leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio, and Klotho levels with BMI in children.
Background: Mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc) at birth is a sensitive biomarker to environmental exposures that may play an important role in later life health. We investigated sensitive time windows for the association between prenatal ambient temperature exposure and newborn mtDNAc.
Methods: In the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort (Belgium), we measured cord blood and placental mtDNAc in 911 participants using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Dietary inflammation and childhood adiposity: Analysis of individual participant data from six birth cohorts.
Clin Nutr
January 2025
School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Childhood adiposity and inflammation impact long-term health. However, associations between dietary inflammation and childhood adiposity are unclear. We investigated if more pro-inflammatory diets are associated with greater adiposity in early-, mid-, and late-childhood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelationships Between Gonadotropins, Sex Hormones, and Vascular Health in Adolescents with Normal Weight or Obesity.
Child Obes
January 2025
School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Relationships between gonadotropins, sex hormones, and vascular structure and function in adolescents of varying weight statuses have not been fully investigated. In the present study, we examined associations among these in female and male adolescents with normal weight or obesity. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of adolescents ( = 58; 12-<18 years) grouped according to BMI percentile (BMI%) into normal weight (5th-<85th BMI%; = 25) and obesity (≥95th BMI%; = 33) categories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated physical activity at school decreased blood pressure in children aged 10-12 years who were overweight and obese.
Acta Paediatr
December 2024
Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Aim: We investigated the effect that increased physical activity (PA) sessions had on the blood pressure of school-aged children who were overweight and obese.
Methods: This Polish pilot, prospective study followed up 148 children from six elementary schools from 10 to 12 years of age. They were divided into two groups, based on parental preferences.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!