One-loop correction to the power spectrum in generic single-field inflation is calculated by using standard perturbation theory. Because of the enhancement inversely proportional to the observed red tilt of the spectral index of curvature perturbation, the correction turns out to be much larger than previously anticipated. As a result, the primordial non-Gaussianity must be much smaller than the current observational bound in order to warrant the validity of cosmological perturbation theory.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.061301 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
November 2024
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Slow first-order phase transitions generate large inhomogeneities that can lead to the formation of primordial black holes. We show that the gravitational wave spectrum then consists of a primary component sourced by bubble collisions and a secondary one induced by large perturbations. The latter gives the dominant peak if β/H_{0}<12, impacting, in particular, the interpretation of the recent pulsar timing array data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
April 2024
Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universitat de València, 46980, Valencia, Spain.
We discuss the interpretation of the detected signal by pulsar timing array (PTA) observations as a gravitational wave background of cosmological origin. We combine NANOGrav 15-years and EPTA-DR2new datasets and confront them against backgrounds from supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), and cosmological signals from inflation, cosmic (super)strings, first-order phase transitions, Gaussian and non-Gaussian large scalar fluctuations, and audible axions. We find that scalar-induced, and to a lesser extent audible axion and cosmic superstring signals, provide a better fit than SMBHBs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
May 2024
School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
At redshifts beyond [Formula: see text], the 21 cm line from neutral hydrogen is expected to be essentially the only viable probe of the three-dimensional matter distribution. The lunar far-side is an extremely appealing site for future radio arrays that target this signal, as it is protected from terrestrial radio frequency interference, and has no ionosphere to attenuate and absorb radio emission at low frequencies (tens of MHz and below). We forecast the sensitivity of low-frequency lunar radio arrays to the bispectrum of the 21 cm brightness temperature field, which can in turn be used to probe primordial non-Gaussianity generated by particular early universe models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
November 2023
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Rävala 10, Tallinn, Estonia.
We study whether the signal seen by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) may originate from gravitational waves (GWs) induced by large primordial perturbations. Such perturbations may be accompanied by a sizable primordial black hole (PBH) abundance. We improve existing analyses and show that PBH overproduction disfavors Gaussian scenarios for scalar-induced GWs at 2σ and single-field inflationary scenarios, accounting for non-Gaussianity, at 3σ as the explanation of the most constraining NANOGrav 15-year data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
November 2023
Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Simons Foundation, New York, New York 10010, USA.
Observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have cemented the notion that the large-scale Universe is both statistically homogeneous and isotropic. But is it invariant also under reflections? To probe this we require parity-sensitive statistics: for scalar observables, the simplest is the trispectrum. We make the first measurements of the parity-odd scalar CMB, focusing on the large-scale (2<ℓ<510) temperature anisotropies measured by Planck.
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