Arteriographic patterns of peripheral arterial disease in lower limbs in a Peruvian cohort of patients.

Introduction: There is currently no universal and uniform pattern of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the lower limbs; however, it is influenced by various cardiovascular factors of the individual. The objective of this study was to identify the arteriographic patterns of PAD in the lower limbs according to cardiovascular factors in a Peruvian cohort of patients.

Methods: This is an analytical, observational, and retrospective study. The arteriographic patterns of PAD in the aortoiliac segment were analyzed with the (TASC-II) score and the (GLASS) for the femoropopliteal (FP), infraopopliteal (IP), and pedial (P) segments in a Peruvian cohort from January 2018 to May 2021.

Results: 595 patients (833 extremities) were analyzed with a mean age of 67.54 ± 16.39 years, and the main cardiovascular factor was diabetes (65.04%). The patients older than 65 years with GLASS FP 4 , IP 0 , and P2 () presented significant findings: in men and women with GLASS IP 4 () and P 2 (); diabetes with TASC-II A (), GLASS FP 4 (), IP 4 (), and P2 (); dyslipidemia with TASC-II D (), GLASS FP 4 (), IP 0 (), and P0 (); smoking with TASC-II D (), GLASS FP 4 () and IP 0 (); chronic coronary disease with GLASS IP 4 () and P2 (); chronic kidney disease with GLASS FP 4 (), IP 4 (), and P2 (); and previous amputation history with GLASS IP 4 () and P2 (). The most frequent arteriographic pattern of PAD in the lower limbs of our cohort was TASC-II A, GLASS FP 0 and 4, IP 0, and P2 ().

Conclusion: Our work will allow the limb salvage teams to understand the behavior of PAD affectation in the population of our environment, allowing a timely control of cardiovascular risk factors, adequate revascularization planning, and a significant reduction in the risk of loss of limb.