AI Article Synopsis

  • - Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a known carcinogen that can lead to lung cancer, and this study explores how it causes cancer, focusing on changes in the epitranscriptome in human bronchial cells and mouse and human lungs.
  • - Researchers used methods like microarray analysis and tumorigenesis assays to show that chronic Cr(VI) exposure results in increased m6A RNA modification and elevated levels of the RNA methyltransferase METTL3 in transformed cells and lung tumors.
  • - The study found that reducing METTL3 expression in Cr(VI)-transformed cells decreased their cancer-like traits and tumor growth, indicating that Cr(VI) alters the cellular epitranscriptome, contributing

Article Abstract

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a common environmental carcinogen causing lung cancer in humans. This study investigates the mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis focusing on the role of the epitranscriptomic dysregulation. The epitranscriptomic effect of Cr(VI) was determined in Cr(VI)-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells, chromate-exposed mouse and human lungs. The epitranscriptomic effect and its role in Cr(VI)-induced cell transformation, cancer stem cell (CSC)-like property, and tumorigenesis were determined by microarray analysis, soft agar colony formation, suspension spheroid formation, and mouse xenograft tumorigenesis assays. It was found that chronic Cr(VI) exposure causes epitranscriptomic dysregulations as evidenced by the increased levels of total RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and the RNA m6A methyltransferase like-3 (METTL3) in Cr(VI)-transformed cells and chromate exposure-caused mouse and human lung tumors. Knockdown of METTL3 expression in Cr(VI)-transformed cells significantly reduces their m6A levels and transformed phenotypes and tumorigenicity in mice. Moreover, knockdown of METTL3 expression in parental nontransformed cells significantly reduces the capability of chronic Cr(VI) exposure to induce cell transformation and CSC-like property. Together, this study reveals that chronic Cr(VI) exposure is capable of altering cellular epitranscriptome by increasing the m6A RNA modification via upregulating the RNA methyltransferase METTL3 expression, which plays an important role in Cr(VI)-induced cell transformation, CSC-like property, and tumorigenesis.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9216043PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfac023DOI Listing

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