AI Article Synopsis
- Two optical wireless modulation format recognition schemes are introduced, utilizing orthogonal-triangular decomposition and Hough transform techniques on constellation diagrams.
- Constellation diagrams are analyzed at various optical signal-to-noise ratios for multiple modulation formats, achieving unique signatures that enhance pattern recognition.
- The employed classifiers, including AlexNet and VGG models, demonstrate high accuracy in recognizing modulation formats, especially under low OSNR conditions.
Article Abstract
Two schemes for optical wireless modulation format recognition (MFR), based on the orthogonal-triangular decomposition (OTD) and Hough transform (HT) of the constellation diagrams, are proposed in this paper. Constellation diagrams are obtained at optical signal-to-noise ratios (OSNRs) ranging from 5 to 30 dB for seven different modulation formats (2/4/8/16-PSK and 8/16/32-QAM) as images. The first scheme depends on applying the HT of the obtained images; the second scheme is based on utilization of the decomposition of each of the obtained image matrices into an orthogonal matrix (Q) and an upper triangular matrix (R) followed by the HT. Different classifiers, including AlexNet, VGG16, and VGG19, are used for the MFR task. Model setups and results are provided to study the scheme efficiency at different levels of OSNR. The proposed schemes provide unique signatures for constellation diagrams. Moreover, it reveals that the main pattern corresponding to each constellation diagram is more distinguishable for both proposed schemes at different levels of OSNR. The obtained results achieve high accuracy at low OSNR values.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.439248 | DOI Listing |
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