Decades of research into the molecular mechanisms of cancer and the development of novel therapeutics have yielded a number of remarkable successes. However, our ability to broadly assign effective, rationally targeted therapies in a personalized manner remains elusive for many patients, and drug resistance persists as a major problem. This is in part due to the well-documented heterogeneity of cancer, including the diversity of tumor cell lineages and cell states, the spectrum of somatic mutations, the complexity of microenvironments, and immune-suppressive features and immune repertoires, which collectively require numerous different therapeutic approaches. Here, we describe a framework to understand the types and biological causes of resistance, providing translational opportunities to tackle drug resistance by rational therapeutic strategies.
The increasing occurrence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria drives the need for new antibacterial drugs. Due to the current lack of antibiotic discovery and development, new strategies to fight MDR bacteria are urgently needed. Efforts to develop new antibiotic adjuvants to increase the effectiveness of existing antibiotics and design delivery systems are essential to address this issue.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Bacterial infections resistant to antimicrobial treatments, particularly those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), frequently lead to elevated mortality rates. Tackling this resistance using therapeutic combinations with varied mechanisms has shown considerable promise.
Exosome-based drug delivery holds significant promise for cancer chemotherapy. However, current methods for loading drugs into exosomes are inefficient and cost-prohibitive for practical application. In this study, boron clusters are mixed with doxorubicin (DOX) and exosomes, enabling the efficient encapsulation of DOX into exosomes through a superchaotropic effect.
Adipocytes represent a significant proportion of breast tissue, comprising between 3.7 and 37% of stromal tissue. They play a pivotal role in metabolic regulation, energy supply, metabolic regulation, support effects, and cytokine release within the breast.
Decades of basic and translational research have led to a momentum shift in dissecting the relationship between immune cells and cancer. This culminated in the emergence of breakthrough immunotherapies that paved the way for oncologists to manage certain hard-to-treat cancers. The application of high-throughput techniques of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics was conclusive in making and expediting the manufacturing process of cancer vaccines.
