γδ T cells are a highly versatile immune lineage involved in host defense and homeostasis, but questions remain around their heterogeneity, precise function and role during health and disease. We used multiparametric flow cytometry, dimensionality reduction, unsupervised clustering, and self-organizing maps (SOM) to identify novel γδ T cell naïve/memory subsets chiefly defined by CD161 expression levels, a surface membrane receptor that can be activating or suppressive. We used middle-to-old age individuals given immune blockade is commonly used in this population. Whilst most Vδ1subset cells exhibited a terminal differentiation phenotype, Vδ1 subset cells showed an early memory phenotype. Dimensionality reduction revealed eight γδ T cell clusters chiefly diverging through CD161 expression with CD4 and CD8 expression limited to specific subpopulations. Comparison of matched healthy elderly individuals to bronchiectasis patients revealed elevated Vδ1 terminally differentiated effector memory cells in patients potentially linking this population with chronic proinflammatory disease.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8862246PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12979-022-00269-wDOI Listing

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