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Vitamin B12-Related Biomarkers.
Food Nutr Bull
June 2024
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Background: Adult vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency may present itself with nonspecific mainly neurological symptoms, and thus plasma biomarkers are often judged to be of major importance in the further diagnostic process. Four biomarkers are of special relevance: total B12, holotranscobalamin (the part of B12 bound to the active transport protein, transcobalamin, also named holoTC or active B12) and the 2 so-called metabolic markers that accumulate if B12 is lacking, methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine.
Objective: This article briefly reviews the inherent limitation of biomarkers, discusses its use in establishing the diagnosis and cause of B12 deficiency, and when following or discontinuing treatment with B12.
Is choline deficiency an unrecognized factor in necrotizing enterocolitis of preterm infants?
Pediatr Res
September 2024
Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66106, USA.
We undertook this review to determine if it is plausible that choline or phosphatidylcholine (PC) deficiency is a factor in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) after two clinical trials found a dramatic and unexpected reduction in NEC in an experimental group provided higher PC compared to a control group. Sources and amounts of choline/PC for preterm infants are compared to the choline status of preterm infants at birth and following conventional nutritional management. The roles of choline/PC in intestinal structure, mucus, mesenteric blood flow, and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory system are summarized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoimmune gastritis as an unexpected cause of diarrhea in a young adult with type I diabetes: a case report.
J Med Case Rep
July 2023
Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4494 Palmer Road North, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a lifelong condition that leads to the immune system attacking pancreatic beta cells, resulting in high blood sugar levels and symptoms like frequent urination and weight loss; patients require insulin treatment and are at risk for other autoimmune diseases.
- A 20-year-old female with T1DM presented with gastrointestinal issues and neurological complaints, eventually leading to a diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis after testing revealed low immunoglobulin A levels and elevated gastrin and parietal cell antibodies.
- This case highlights the importance of monitoring and addressing potential autoimmune comorbidities in T1DM patients, as early recognition can improve treatment outcomes and overall health.
Tumor-induced osteomalacia combined with increased bone resorption postoperatively: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore)
July 2023
Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
Rationale: Rare tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) usually resulted in bone pain, fragility fractures and muscle weakness in clinical, which is caused by the reduced phosphate reabsorption, thus impaired mineralization of the bone matrix and free energy transfer. The specific problems in postsurgical patients are obscure although surgical removal of the tumor is the only definitive treatment. Here, we documented a female TIO patient who suffered more severe bone pain and muscle spasms post-operation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitamin D: 100 years of discoveries, yet controversy continues.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
May 2023
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA.
Over the past 100 years, many major breakthroughs and discoveries have occurred in relation to vitamin D research. These developments include the cure of rickets in 1919, the discovery of vitamin D compounds, advances in vitamin D molecular biology, and improvements in our understanding of endocrine control of vitamin D metabolism. Furthermore, recommended daily allowances for vitamin D have been established and large clinical trials of vitamin D, aimed at clarifying the effect of Vitamin D in the prevention of multiple diseases, have been completed.
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