Purpose: The vasodilatory response to inhaled CO occurs in the acute stroke ischemic penumbra and may be a potential therapeutic modality.
Methods: Twenty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 90-min occlusion of the M2 segment of the middle cerebral artery (M2CAO) by endovascular technique. The animals were administered different C02 concentrations and scanned serially with 9.4 T MRI. Infarct tissue was determined by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and hypoperfused tissue was determined by arterial spin labeling (PWI).
Results: 4 animals were administered room air (RA)+ 6% CO (group 1), 6 animals RA+12% CO (Group 2) and 4 animals only RA (group 3). In the rats with CO administered (groups 1 and 2), the DWI lesion to cerebral hypoperfusion volume ratio (SD) at pre-CO administration, was 0.145(0.168), which increased to 0.708(0.731) during CO administration and reduced to 0.533(0.527) post-CO administration. In 9 of 10 rats the hypoperfused volume decreased when CO was administered. When CO was stopped the hypoperfused volume became larger again. Administration of RA+12% CO (Group 2) decreased the volume of CBF hypoperfusion significantly compared to the control group (95%CI: 0.084 ± 0.0213, = 0.004).
Conclusion: Inhaled CO appears to reduce the size of the hypoperfused tissue volume during acute stroke and may be a potential modality for treatment of acute ischemic stroke. These findings will nonetheless need to be validated in a larger cohort in other centers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.824334 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Norepinephrine in vertebrates and its invertebrate analog, octopamine, regulate the activity of neural circuits. We find that, when hungry, larvae switch activity in type II octopaminergic motor neurons (MNs) to high-frequency bursts, which coincide with locomotion-driving bursts in type I glutamatergic MNs that converge on the same muscles. Optical quantal analysis across hundreds of synapses simultaneously reveals that octopamine potentiates glutamate release by tonic type Ib MNs, but not phasic type Is MNs, and occurs via the G-coupled octopamine receptor (OAMB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosurg
January 2025
1Department of Neurology, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui.
Objective: Endovascular treatment (EVT) is an effective treatment for patients with acute vertebrobasilar artery complex occlusion (VBAO). However, the benefit of bridging thrombolysis prior to EVT remains controversial. The purpose of the present study is to explore the best treatment strategy between bridging treatment (BT) and direct EVT in patients with acute VBAO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Convergence of Healthcare and Medicine, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
Brain herniation can be a life-threatening condition, resulting in poor prognosis and higher fatality rates. We examined whether quantitative characteristics of sequential pupillary light reflex (PLR) could serve as biomarkers for identifying brain herniation in fatal acute stroke cases with anterior circulation involvement admitted to neurological intensive care unit (Neuro-ICU). Automatic pupillometer assessed PLR automatically every 4-6 hours, measuring eight specific features: NPi (Neurological pupil index) score, initial resting and constriction pupil size, constriction change, constriction velocity, constriction latency, and dilation velocity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China.
The aim was to explore the application value of dynamic electroencephalography (EEG) combined with brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in evaluating the degree of vascular stenosis and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke (IS). This was a retrospective study using clinical data of patients with IS admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College from March 2020 to March 2022. The degree of vascular stenosis and prognosis of patients were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) constitutes a significant etiology of exacerbated cerebral tissue damage subsequent to intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke. The treatment of CIRI has been extensively investigated through a multitude of clinical studies. Acupuncture has been demonstrated to be effective in treating CIRI.
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