Correlation between serum total bile acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common component of chronic liver disease. Total bile acid (TBA) may influence the NAFLD progression through its signaling pathways. We attempted to find out if there is a correlation between TBA and NAFLD.

Methods: 427,507 subjects were enrolled in health examinations conducted by The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Among them, only 67616 met the inclusion criteria. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were gathered from all subjects. We used multivariate logistic regression model to find the correlation between serum TBA and NAFLD after adjusting for acknowledged risk factors for NAFLD.

Results: A negative correlation was found between the TBA and NAFLD after adjusting for confounders in the multivariate logistic regression model (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.88, P < 0.001). After subgroup analysis, we found the interaction between NAFLD and diabetes was significant (P = 0.043). In patients with NAFLD without diabetes, TBA showed a protective effect in NAFLD (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.85).

Conclusion: TBA is protective for NAFLD, but not in patients with NAFLD and diabetes. Further studies are urgently required to completely explore the underlying mechanisms of TBA in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.