Presentation of alloantigens by host cells has been examined in vivo by means of a murine cell transfer system. Primary (1 degree) hosts were activated by the i.p. administration of allogeneic spleen cells and their spleen or peritoneal cells were transferred into syngeneic secondary (2 degrees) hosts 3 days later. Sensitization of 2 degrees hosts was assessed by their ability to reject donor strain skin grafts prematurely. The transferred cells were routinely depleted of T lymphocytes. We show that (a) 5 X 10(7) spleen and 3 X 10(6) peritoneal cells consistently caused marked accelerated graft rejection; (b) this effect was antigen specific and observable in all strain combinations studied; (c) it was caused by the active sensitization of 2 degrees hosts, but not by contaminating donor strain cells; (d) the cells involved were plastic adherent and viability was not a requirement; and (e) both class I and II, but not minor, histocompatibility antigens played a role in this model. We conclude that presentation of alloantigens by host antigen-presenting cells can be a potent route of allosensitization.
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