A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_session1b78a7ho41ueif6274ep2aefsq1ke3ls): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Plant Executor Genes. | LitMetric

Plant Executor Genes.

Int J Mol Sci

National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China.

Published: January 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • Executor genes are a new class of plant resistance genes that interact with pathogen-secreted transcription activation-like effectors (TALEs) to trigger a hypersensitive response (HR) in host plants.* -
  • TALEs typically act as virulence factors by activating "susceptibility" genes, but some plants have adapted by evolving effector-binding elements (EBEs) that allow for the activation of executor genes, leading to host cell death and hindering pathogen growth.* -
  • Despite sharing some structural features, executor genes lack significant genetic sequence similarity, and our understanding of their biochemical mechanisms and roles in plant immunity is still incomplete, particularly in the context of rice bacterial blight resistance.*

Article Abstract

Executor () genes comprise a new type of plant resistance () genes, identified from host- interactions. The -secreted transcription activation-like effectors (TALEs) usually function as major virulence factors, which activate the expression of the so-called "susceptibility" () genes for disease development. This activation is achieved via the binding of the TALEs to the effector-binding element (EBE) in the gene promoter. However, host plants have evolved EBEs in the promoters of some otherwise silent genes, whose expression directly causes a host cell death that is characterized by a hypersensitive response (HR). Such genes are called genes because they trap the pathogen TALEs in order to activate expression, and the resulting HR prevents pathogen growth and disease development. Currently, deploying gene resistance is becoming a major component in disease resistance breeding, especially for rice bacterial blight resistance. Currently, the biochemical mechanisms, or the working pathways of the E proteins, are still fuzzy. There is no significant nucleotide sequence homology among genes, although E proteins share some structural motifs that are probably associated with the signal transduction in the effector-triggered immunity. Here, we summarize the current knowledge regarding TALE-type avirulence proteins, gene activation, the E protein structural traits, and the classification of genes, in order to sharpen our understanding of the plant genes.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8835739PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031524DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

genes
10
executor genes
8
activate expression
8
disease development
8
plant executor
4
genes executor
4
genes comprise
4
comprise type
4
type plant
4
resistance
4

Similar Publications

To analyze a novel intronic variant in the SPTB gene and explore its effect on SPTB mRNA splicing. Clinical data of a child diagnosed with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University in February 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Whole genome sequencing was used to identify disease-causing mutations and the results were validated with Sanger sequencing, mRNA sequencing was used to determine the SPTB gene's mRNA expression level, and bioinformatics tools were used for splicing site prediction and analysis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Extra-retinal photoreception is common across fish and avian species. In birds, the hypothalamus contains non-visual photoreceptors that detect light and regulate multiple endocrine systems. To date, light-dependent control of seasonal reproduction is one of the most well-studied systems that require deep brain photoreception.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Unveiling the Role of Protein Posttranslational Modifications in Glioma Prognosis.

CNS Neurosci Ther

March 2025

Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.

Background: Gliomas represent the most aggressive malignancies of the central nervous system, with posttranslational modifications (PTMs) emerging as critical regulators of oncogenic processes through dynamic protein functional modulation. Despite their established role in tumor biology, the systematic characterization of PTM-mediated molecular mechanisms driving glioma progression remains unexplored. This study aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms of glioma, with a focus on the role of PTMs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Massive RNA Editing in Ascetosporean Mitochondria.

Microbes Environ

March 2025

Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefecture University.

Ascetosporeans are parasitic protists of invertebrates. A deep sequencing ana-lysis of species within the orders Mikrocytida, Paramyxida, and Haplosporida using metagenomic approaches revealed that their mitochondria were functionally reduced and their organellar genomes were lacking. Ascetosporeans belonging to the order Paradinida have not been sequenced, and the nature of their mitochondria remains unclear.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum is a plant-pathogenic bacterium that causes bacterial wilt in economically important crops. Chemotaxis is required for full virulence in R. pseudosolanacearum.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!