A systematic review and meta-analysis of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from human and non-human sources: the antibiotic susceptibility aspect.

Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis with a high mortality rate. This study systematically reviewed the antibiotic susceptibility of L. monocytogenes in the world. A literature search was done and the data of 33 studies that matched with the inclusion criteria, were used for meta-analysis. The random-effect model meta-analysis was applied to determine the frequency of overall L. monocytogenes and its antibiotic non-sensitive isolates. The frequency of L. monocytogenes contamination in non-human sources was 10.3%. The most frequent serotypes were 4b and 4ab in human and non-human isolates, respectively. The resistance of L. monocytogenes isolates to the first-line antibiotics namely penicillin, ampicillin/amoxicillin, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been increased in recent years. Altogether, the results indicated a concern for the antibiotic resistance in L. monocytogenes isolates over time. The implement of the registry and surveillance systems is required to improve the insight of L. monocytogenes antibiotic susceptibility and its treatment choices.